Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27899650›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2017

A Cas9-based toolkit to program gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Amanda Reider Apel, Leo d'Espaux, Maren Wehrs, Daniel Sachs, Rachel A Li, Gary J Tong, Megan Garber, Oge Nnadi, William Zhuang, Nathan J Hillson and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. De novo biosynthesis of Asperosaponin VI inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  9. A Modular and Customizable CRISPR/Cas Toolkit for Epigenome Editing of Cis-regulatory Modules.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Biodesign research · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Amanda Reider ApelDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Leo d'EspauxDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Maren WehrsDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Daniel SachsDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Rachel A LiDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Gary J TongDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Megan GarberDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Oge NnadiDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
William ZhuangDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA.
Nathan J HillsonDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Jay D KeaslingDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA.
Aindrila MukhopadhyayDOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, CA 94608, USA amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov.

Funding

University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical Science and Translational SupplementUL1TR001453 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LUZURIAGA, KATHERINE F · 2015 to 2024
$39.0M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceUL1TR000161 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LUZURIAGA, KATHERINE F · 2012 to 2015
$11.0M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000161NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001453
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the extensive use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a platform for synthetic biology, strain engineering remains slow and laborious. Here, we employ CRISPR/Cas9 technology to build a cloning-free toolkit that addresses commonly encountered obstacles in metabolic engineering, including chromosomal integration locus and promoter selection, as well as protein localization and solubility. The toolkit includes 23 Cas9-sgRNA plasmids, 37 promoters of various strengths and temporal expression profiles, and 10 protein-localization, degradation and solubility tags. We facilitated the use of these parts via a web-based tool, that automates the generation of DNA fragments for integration. Our system builds upon existing gene editing methods in the thoroughness with which the parts are standardized and characterized, the types and number of parts available and the ease with which our methodology can be used to perform genetic edits in yeast. We demonstrated the applicability of this toolkit by optimizing the expression of a challenging but industrially important enzyme, taxadiene synthase (TXS). This approach enabled us to diagnose an issue with TXS solubility, the resolution of which yielded a 25-fold improvement in taxadiene production.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsBacterial ProteinsClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCRISPR-Associated Protein 9DNA, FungalEndonucleasesGene ExpressionGenetic EngineeringIsomerasesPlasmidsPromoter Regions, GeneticRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSoftwareBacterial ProteinsCas9 endonuclease Streptococcus pyogenesCRISPR-Associated Protein 9DNA, FungalEndonucleasesIsomerasesRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systemstaxa-4(5),11(12)-diene synthase

Identifiers

PMID27899650
PMCPMC5224472

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.