ArticleTranslational psychiatry2016
Growth hormone biases amygdala network activation after fear learning.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep deprivation alters hippocampal dendritic spines in a contextual fear memory engram.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Growth Hormone and IGF-1 Actions in the Brain and Neuropsychiatric Diseases.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Growth hormone is required for hippocampal engram cell maturation.Science advances · 2025Article
- Growth Hormone, Hypothalamic Inflammation, and Aging.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- New findings on brain actions of growth hormone and potential clinical implications.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Growth Hormone Action in Somatostatin Neurons Regulates Anxiety and Fear Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Hypothalamus and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Regulation of dendritic spines in the amygdala following sleep deprivation.Frontiers in sleep · 2023Article
- Effects of Growth Hormone Receptor Ablation in Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Ghrelin-induced Food Intake, but not GH Secretion, Requires the Expression of the GH Receptor in the Brain of Male Mice.Endocrinology · 2021Article
- Growth Hormone and the Auditory Pathway: Neuromodulation and Neuroregeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Growth hormone receptor in dopaminergic neurones regulates stress-induced prolactin release in male mice.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- Review
- Sleep and Memory Consolidation Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders: Evidence for the Involvement of Extracellular Matrix Molecules.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Regulation of hippocampal dendritic spines following sleep deprivation.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2020Article
- Hippocampal growth hormone modulates relational memory and the dendritic spine density in CA1.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Growth Hormone (GH) and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) in the Central Nervous System: A Potential Neurological Combinatory Therapy?International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Effects of growth hormone in the central nervous system.Archives of endocrinology and metabolismReview
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prolonged stress exposure is a risk factor for developing posttraumatic stress disorder, a disorder characterized by the 'over-encoding' of a traumatic experience. A potential mechanism by which this occurs is through upregulation of growth hormone (GH) in the amygdala. Here we test the hypotheses that GH promotes the over-encoding of fearful memories by increasing the number of neurons activated during memory encoding and biasing the allocation of neuronal activation, one aspect of the process by which neurons compete to encode memories, to favor neurons that have stronger inputs. Viral overexpression of GH in the amygdala increased the number of amygdala cells activated by fear memory formation. GH-overexpressing cells were especially biased to express the immediate early gene c-Fos after fear conditioning, revealing strong autocrine actions of GH in the amygdala. In addition, we observed dramatically enhanced dendritic spine density in GH-overexpressing neurons. These data elucidate a previously unrecognized autocrine role for GH in the regulation of amygdala neuron function and identify specific mechanisms by which chronic stress, by enhancing GH in the amygdala, may predispose an individual to excessive fear memory formation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.