ArticlePloS one2016
Selective Pressure Promotes Tetracycline Resistance of Chlamydia Suis in Fattening Pigs.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of different approaches to antibiotic restriction in food-producing animals: stratified results from a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2019Pooled it
- Doxycycline Prophylaxis to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Influence of Chlamydia suis on reproductive outcome in farms with and without tetracycline treatment of sows.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Tetracycline Susceptibility ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Small intestinal organoids as a model to study interactions ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Development of shuttle vector-based transformation systems for veterinary and zoonotic chlamydiae.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Combination of compound screening with an animal model identifies pentamidine to prevent Chlamydia trachomatis infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Challenges and Solutions to STI Control in the Era of HIV and STI Prophylaxis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Metaproteomic Analysis of Gut Resistome in the Cecal Microbiota of Fattening Pigs Raised without Antibiotics.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Extra Virgin Olive Oil-Based Formulations: A "Green" Strategy againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial resistance interventions in the animal sector: scoping review.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2023Review
- The Impact of Lateral Gene Transfer inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Dynamics of the fecal microbiome and antimicrobial resistome in commercial piglets during the weaning period.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Occurrence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Transferrins Reduce Replication ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Generation of Tetracycline and Rifamycin ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Isolation of Tetracycline-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Review
- GrgA as a potential target of selective antichlamydials.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In pigs, Chlamydia suis has been associated with respiratory disease, diarrhea and conjunctivitis, but there is a high rate of inapparent C. suis infection found in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. Tetracycline resistance in C. suis has been described in the USA, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Cyprus and Israel. Tetracyclines are commonly used in pig production due to their broad-spectrum activity and relatively low cost. The aim of this study was to isolate clinical C. suis samples in cell culture and to evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility in vitro under consideration of antibiotic treatment on herd level. Swab samples (n = 158) identified as C. suis originating from 24 farms were further processed for isolation, which was successful in 71% of attempts with a significantly higher success rate from fecal swabs compared to conjunctival swabs. The farms were divided into three treatment groups: A) farms without antibiotic treatment, B) farms with prophylactic oral antibiotic treatment of the whole herd consisting of trimethoprime, sulfadimidin and sulfathiazole (TSS), or C) farms giving herd treatment with chlortetracycline with or without tylosin and sulfadimidin (CTS). 59 isolates and their corresponding clinical samples were selected and tested for the presence or absence of the tetracycline resistance class C gene [tet(C)] by conventional PCR and isolates were further investigated for their antibiotic susceptibility in vitro. The phenotype of the investigated isolates was either classified as tetracycline sensitive (Minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] < 2 μg/ml), intermediate (2 μg/ml ≤ MIC < 4 μg/ml) or resistant (MIC ≥ 4 μg/ml). Results of groups and individual pigs were correlated with antibiotic treatment and time of sampling (beginning/end of the fattening period). We found clear evidence for selective pressure as absence of antibiotics led to isolation of only tetracycline sensitive or intermediate strains whereas tetracycline treatment resulted in a greater number of tetracycline resistant isolates.
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