ArticleBMC public health2016
Prevalence, type, and correlates of trauma exposure among adolescent men and women in Soweto, South Africa: implications for HIV prevention.
Article in BMC public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Understanding Mental Health in the Context of Adolescent Pregnancy and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review Identifying a Critical Evidence Gap.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence of physical and sexual violence and psychological abuse among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Zambia.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Sociodemographic outcomes of childhood trauma experiences among young adults in the rural community of South Africa.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- 'It is scary to pause treatment': perspectives on HIV cure-related research and analytical treatment interruptions from women diagnosed during acute HIV in Durban, South Africa.HIV research & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Violence as an obstacle to HIV medication adherence and viral suppression: A daily diary investigation among adolescent boys.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Association between Childhood Trauma, Mental Health Symptoms and Adherence Among Youth Living with HIV in Botswana.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- Trauma exposure among young children in rural Pakistan: Associations with gender, mental health, and cognitive skills.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- A guaranteed income intervention to improve the health and financial well-being of low-income black emerging adults: study protocol for the Black Economic Equity Movement randomized controlled crossover trial.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Community trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder in Chinese children and adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- From resilient girls to (more) resilient women: A mixed-methods study examining narratives of resilience among South African young women.Vulnerable children and youth studies · 2022Article
- Adolescent Motherhood and HIV in South Africa: Examining Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Adolescent mothers and their children affected by HIV-An exploration of maternal mental health, and child cognitive development.PloS one · 2022Article
- Global research on syndemics: a meta-knowledge analysis (2001-2020).F1000Research · 2022Article
- Intimate Partner Violence, Depression, and Anxiety Are Associated With Higher Perceived Stress Among Both Young Men and Women in Soweto and Durban, South Africa.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Article
- High cellphone use associated with greater risk of depression among young women aged 15-24 years in Soweto and Durban, South Africa.Global health action · 2021Article
- Depression and Sexual Trauma Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in HIV-Prevention Research in Tanzania.Maternal and child health journal · 2020Article
- Grand Challenges in Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2020Article
- Associations Between Lifetime Traumatic Experiences and HIV-Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Living in Informal Settlements in South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Analysis and Structural Equation Model.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
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Funding
Abstract
backgroundYouth trauma exposure is associated with syndemic HIV risk. We measured lifetime prevalence, type, and correlates of trauma experience by gender among adolescents living in the HIV hyper-endemic setting of Soweto, South Africa.
methodsUsing data from the Botsha Bophelo Adolescent Health Survey (BBAHS), prevalence of "ever" experiencing a traumatic event among adolescents (aged 14-19) was assessed using a modified Traumatic Event Screening Inventory-Child (TESI-C) scale (19 items, study alpha = 0.63). We assessed self-reported number of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) experienced overall and by gender. Gender-stratified multivariable logistic regression models assessed independent correlates of 'high PTE score' (≥7 PTEs).
resultsOverall, 767/830 (92%) participants were included (58% adolescent women). Nearly all (99.7%) reported experiencing at least one PTE. Median PTE was 7 [Q1,Q3: 5-9], with no gender differences (p = 0.19). Adolescent men reported more violent PTEs (e.g., "seen an act of violence in the community") whereas women reported more non-violent HIV/AIDS-related PTEs (e.g., "family member or someone close died of HIV/AIDS"). High PTE score was independently associated with high food insecurity among adolescent men and women (aOR = 2.63, 95%CI = 1.36-5.09; aOR = 2.57, 95%CI = 1.55-4.26, respectively). For men, high PTE score was also associated with older age (aOR = 1.40/year, 95%CI = 1.21-1.63); and recently moving to Soweto (aOR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.14-6.76). Among women, high PTE score was associated with depression using the CES-D scale (aOR = 2.00, 95%CI = 1.31-3.03,) and inconsistent condom use vs. no sexual experience (aOR = 2.69, 95%CI = 1.66-4.37).
conclusionNearly all adolescents in this study experienced trauma, with gendered differences in PTE types and correlates, but not prevalence. Exposure to PTEs were distributed along social and gendered axes. Among adolescent women, associations with depression and inconsistent condom use suggest pathways for HIV risk. HIV prevention interventions targeting adolescents must address the syndemics of trauma and HIV through the scale-up of gender-transformative, youth-centred, trauma-informed integrated HIV and mental health services.
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