Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27883356›Full record

ArticleALTEX2017

A human brain microphysiological system derived from induced pluripotent stem cells to study neurological diseases and toxicity.

David Pamies, Paula Barreras, Katharina Block, Georgia Makri, Anupama Kumar, Daphne Wiersma, Lenna Smirnova, Ce Zang, Joseph Bressler, Kimberly M Christian and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ALTEX, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
129citing papers in PubMed
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

129 citing papers in PubMed, 257 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. New approach methodologies in neurotherapeutics development.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
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  9. Establishment of a Depression Model Using Dexamethasone-treated Three-dimensional Cultured Rat Cortical Cells.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
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  11. Article
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69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

David PamiesCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Paula BarrerasDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Katharina BlockCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Georgia MakriDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Anupama KumarDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Daphne WiersmaCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Lenna SmirnovaCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Ce ZangDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Joseph BresslerHugo Moser Institute at the Kennedy Krieger, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Kimberly M ChristianDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Georgina HarrisCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Guo-Li MingDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Cindy J BerlinickeWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Kelly KyroUS Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, USA.
Hongjun SongDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Carlos A PardoDepartment of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Thomas HartungCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Helena T HogbergCenter for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

A 3D Model of Human Brain Development for Studying Gene/Environment InteractionsU18TR000547 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HARTUNG, THOMAS · 2012 to 2013
$865k
NCATS NIH HHS U18 TR000547
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human in vitro models of brain neurophysiology are needed to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with neurological disorders and neurotoxicity. We have developed a reproducible iPSC-derived human 3D brain microphysiological system (BMPS), comprised of differentiated mature neurons and glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) that reproduce neuronal-glial interactions and connectivity. BMPS mature over eight weeks and show the critical elements of neuronal function: synaptogenesis and neuron-to-neuron (e.g., spontaneous electric field potentials) and neuronal-glial interactions (e.g., myelination), which mimic the microenvironment of the central nervous system, rarely seen in vitro before. The BMPS shows 40% overall myelination after 8 weeks of differentiation. Myelin was observed by immunohistochemistry and confirmed by confocal microscopy 3D reconstruction and electron microscopy. These findings are of particular relevance since myelin is crucial for proper neuronal function and development. The ability to assess oligodendroglial function and mechanisms associated with myelination in this BMPS model provide an excellent tool for future studies of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. The BMPS provides a suitable and reliable model to investigate neuron-neuroglia function as well as pathogenic mechanisms in neurotoxicology.

Indexed as

Animal Testing AlternativesCell Culture TechniquesAnimalsAstrocytesBrainCell DifferentiationHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMyelin SheathOligodendroglia3D culturebrainCNSmicrophysiological systemmyelination

Identifiers

PMID27883356
PMCPMC6047513
OpenAlexW2556547238

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.