ArticleScientific reports2016
The Warburg Effect Mediator Pyruvate Kinase M2 Expression and Regulation in the Retina.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rod photoreceptors have a dual dependency on both aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS and diverge metabolically from other retinal neurons.Science advances · 2026Article
- Metabolomics Effects of Folding Correction in Retinitis Pigmentosa Rhodopsin Mutant P23A.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Interdependent roles of PKM2 in photoreceptors and RPE: implications for retinal degeneration.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- PIKfyve preserves endolysosomal function in photoreceptors and RPE cells to maintain retinal integrity.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Cell-Type-Dependent Metabolic Compensation Preserves Photoreceptor Survival Through Pyruvate Kinase Isoform Balance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- An Optimized Enzyme-Coupled Spectrophotometric Method for Measuring Pyruvate Kinase Kinetics.Bio-protocol · 2025Article
- Metabolic pathways in deep vein thrombosis: a new frontier for therapeutic intervention.Blood · 2025Review
- A Novel, Long-Acting, Small Molecule PKM2 Activator and Its Potential Broad Application Against Photoreceptor Degeneration.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Ablating VHL in rod photoreceptors modulates RPE glycolysis and improves preclinical model of retinitis pigmentosa.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- IGF-1 Signaling Modulates Oxidative Metabolism and Stress Resistance in ARPE-19 Cells Through PKM2 Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Age-Related Changes in the Glycolytic Enzymes of M2-Isoform of Pyruvate Kinase and Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase: Implications to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- Age-related retinal degeneration resulting from the deletion of Shp2 tyrosine phosphatase in photoreceptor neurons.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- VDAC in Retinal Health and Disease.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Estrogen Receptor Is Required for Metformin-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells Under Hyperglycemic Conditions.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2024Article
- Article
- Development of Novel Small-Molecule Activators of Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isozyme 2, PKM2, to Reduce Photoreceptor Apoptosis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The function of lactate dehydrogenase A in retinal neurons: implications to retinal degenerative diseases.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Atlas of phosphoinositide signatures in the retina identifies heterogeneity between cell types.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Unlocking the role of lactate: metabolic pathways, signaling, and gene regulation in postmitotic retinal cells.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The tumor form of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation and gives rise to the Warburg effect. The Warburg effect defines a pro-oncogenic metabolism switch such that cancer cells take up more glucose than normal tissue and favor incomplete oxidation of glucose, even in the presence of oxygen. Retinal photoreceptors are highly metabolic and their energy consumption is equivalent to that of a multiplying tumor cell. In the present study, we found that PKM2 is the predominant isoform in both rod- and cone-dominant retina, and that it undergoes a light-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation. We also discovered that PKM2 phosphorylation is signaled through photobleaching of rhodopsin. Our findings suggest that phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation promotes PKM2 phosphorylation. Light and tyrosine phosphorylation appear to regulate PKM2 to provide a metabolic advantage to photoreceptor cells, thereby promoting cell survival.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.