Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27881170›Full record

SynthesisCardiovascular diabetology2016

Relationship of cardiometabolic parameters in non-smokers, current smokers, and quitters in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Debasish Kar, Clare Gillies, Francesco Zaccardi, David Webb, Samuel Seidu, Solomon Tesfaye, Melanie Davies, Kamlesh Khunti

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Effect ofJournal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Debasish KarDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK. d.kar@nhs.net.ORCID 0000-0002-1524-1312
Clare GilliesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
Francesco ZaccardiDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
David WebbDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
Samuel SeiduDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
Solomon TesfayeAcademic Unit of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Melanie DaviesDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
Kamlesh KhuntiDiabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Infirmary, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4AW, UK.
University of Leicester · GBUniversity of Sheffield · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoking is associated with increased macrovascular and microvascular complications in people with diabetes. In addition to other concomitant vascular perturbations, it also seems to influence the cardiometabolic parameters, which may partly explain the accelerated rate of vascular complications in smokers with diabetes. While smoking cessation is advocated as a universal component of the management of diabetes, there is some anecdotal evidence that HbA1c could increase following smoking cessation. The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between smoking and its cessation on cardiometabolic parameters in diabetes.

methodsSearches were conducted on Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL up to March 2016. After screening 6866 studies (Additional file 1), 14 observational studies with a total of 98,978 participants' with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes were selected for review. Narrative synthesis and meta-analyses were carried out to explore the relationship between smoking and its cessation.

resultsMeta-analysis showed that the pooled mean difference of HbA1c between non-smokers and smokers was -0.61% (95% CI -0.88 to -0.33, p < 0.0001). The difference in LDL cholesterol between non-smokers and smokers was -0.11 mmol/l (95% CI -0.21 to -0.01, p = 0.04). The difference in HDL cholesterol between non-smokers and smokers was 0.12 mmol/l (95% CI 0.08-0.15, p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in blood pressure between the two groups. The difference in HbA1c between quitters and continued smokers was not statistically significant -0.10% (95% CI -0.42 to 0.21, p = 0.53). However, a narrative synthesis revealed that over a period of 10 years, the HbA1c was comparable between non-smokers and quitters.

conclusionNon-smokers have a statistically significant lower HbA1c and more favourable lipid profile compared to smokers. Smoking cessation does not lead to an increase in HbA1c in long-term and may reduce vascular complications in diabetes by its favourable impact on lipid profile.

Indexed as

Smoking CessationSmoking PreventionBiomarkersBlood PressureChi-Square DistributionCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesGlycated HemoglobinHumansMetabolic SyndromePrognosisProtective FactorsRisk AssessmentBiomarkersCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanDiabetesGlycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: blood pressure (systolic and diastolic—SBP and DBP)SmokingSmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID27881170
PMCPMC5121966
OpenAlexW2553718935

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.