Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27880835›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2016

Built Environment, Selected Risk Factors and Major Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Pasmore Malambo, Andre P Kengne, Anniza De Villiers, Estelle V Lambert, Thandi Puoane

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
141citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

141 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Neighborhood Safety and Hypertension Risk: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Area-Level Factors of Dental Caries in Children and Adolescents in European Neighborhoods - a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Associations of Urban Built Environment with Cardiovascular Risks and Mortality: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. The Associations Between Urban Form and Major Non-communicable Diseases: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022
    Pooled it
  9. The neighbourhood built environment and health-related fitness: a narrative systematic review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022
    Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Associations between the built environment and obesity: an umbrella review.International journal of health geographics · 2021
    Pooled it
  12. Guideline
  13. Guideline
  14. Guideline
  15. Pooled it
  16. Environmental Risk Factors for Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018
    Pooled it
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Article
  20. Article

81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Pasmore MalamboUniversity of Western Cape, School of Public Health, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa.
Andre P KengneNon-communicable disease Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parowvallei, P.O. Box 19070, 7505 Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
Anniza De VilliersNon-communicable disease Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parowvallei, P.O. Box 19070, 7505 Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
Estelle V LambertDivision of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Boundary Road, Newlands, 7700, Cape Town, South Africa.
Thandi PuoaneUniversity of Western Cape, School of Public Health, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBuilt environment attributes have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, identifying built environment attributes that are associated with CVD risk is relevant for facilitating effective public health interventions.

objectiveTo conduct a systematic review of literature to examine the influence of built environmental attributes on CVD risks. DATA SOURCE: Multiple database searches including Science direct, CINAHL, Masterfile Premier, EBSCO and manual scan of reference lists were conducted. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Studies published in English between 2005 and April 2015 were included if they assessed one or more of the neighborhood environmental attributes in relation with any major CVD outcomes and selected risk factors among adults. DATA EXTRACTION: Author(s), country/city, sex, age, sample size, study design, tool used to measure neighborhood environment, exposure and outcome assessments and associations were extracted from eligible studies.

resultsEighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used both cross-sectional design and Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess the neighborhood environmental attributes. Neighborhood environmental attributes were significantly associated with CVD risk and CVD outcomes in the expected direction. Residential density, safety from traffic, recreation facilities, street connectivity and high walkable environment were associated with physical activity. High walkable environment, fast food restaurants, supermarket/grocery stores were associated with blood pressure, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. High density traffic, road proximity and fast food restaurants were associated with CVDs outcomes.

conclusionThis study confirms the relationship between neighborhood environment attributes and CVDs and risk factors. Prevention programs should account for neighborhood environmental attributes in the communities where people live.

Indexed as

Blood PressureBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesDatabases, FactualEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental PollutantsHumansMetabolic DiseasesRisk FactorsEnvironmental Pollutants

Identifiers

PMID27880835
PMCPMC5120821

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.