Trial reportPloS one2016
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) Strongly Correlates with Increasing HIV-1 Viremia and Markers of Inflammation.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokine Concentrations in Seminal Plasma and Blood in HIV Infection: Differential Modulation by Antiretroviral Therapy and Association with HIV RNA Levels and CD4International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- A Pilot Study of COVID-19 Outcomes in People Living with HIV in Tatarstan.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Novel oral adjuvant to enhance cytotoxic memory like NK cell responses in HIV vaccine platform.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Loss of HIV candidate vaccine efficacy in male macaques by mucosal nanoparticle immunization rescued by V2-specific response.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Vaccine induced mucosal and systemic memory NK/ILCs elicit decreased risk of SIV/SHIV acquisition.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Dominant CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- IL-15 and N-803 for HIV Cure Approaches.Viruses · 2023Review
- Immunomodulation with IL-7 and IL-15 in HIV-1 infection.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Article
- Multiplex Analysis of Cytokines and Chemokines in Persons Aging With or Without HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 or Co-Infection with Hepatitis B or C Virus: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Schlafen 12 restricts HIV-1 latency reversal by a codon-usage dependent post-transcriptional block in CD4+ T cells.Communications biology · 2023Article
- IL-15 enhances HIV-1 infection by promoting survival and proliferation of CCR5+CD4+ T cells.JCI insight · 2023Article
- The cytokine/chemokine response inHeliyon · 2023Review
- Immune Cells Release MicroRNA-155 Enriched Extracellular Vesicles That Promote HIV-1 Infection.Cells · 2023Article
- Coordinated Loss and Acquisition of NK Cell Surface Markers Accompanied by Generalized Cytokine Dysregulation in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Transcriptome Analysis of Bovine Macrophages (BoMac) Cells after Infection with Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus.Journal of veterinary research · 2022Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects of recreational marijuana in virally suppressed youth with HIV-1 are reversed by use of tobacco products in combination with marijuana.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- CD38Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIL-15 has been postulated to play an important role in HIV-1 infection, yet there are conflicting reports regarding its expression levels in these patients. We sought to measure the level of IL-15 in a large, well characterised cohort of HIV-1 infected patients and correlate this with well known markers of inflammation, including CRP, D-dimer, sCD163 and sCD14. DESIGN AND
methodsIL-15 levels were measured in 501 people (460 patients with HIV-1 infection and 41 uninfected controls). The HIV-1 infected patients were divided into 4 groups based on viral load: <50 copies/ml, 51-10,000 copies/ml, 10,001-100,000 copies/ml and >100,000 copies/ml. The Mann Whitney test (non-parametric) was used to identify significant relationships between different patient groups.
resultsIL-15 levels were significantly higher in patients with viral loads >100,000 copies/ml (3.02 ± 1.53 pg/ml) compared to both uninfected controls (1.69 ± 0.37 pg/ml, p<0.001) or patients with a viral load <50 copies/ml (1.59 ± 0.40 pg/ml (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between HIV-1 viremia and IL-15 levels (Spearman r = 0.54, p<0.001) and between CD4+ T cell counts and IL-15 levels (Spearman r = -0.56, p<0.001).
conclusionsIL-15 levels are significantly elevated in HIV-1 infected patients with viral loads >100,000 copies/ml compared to uninfected controls, with a significant direct correlation noted between IL-15 and HIV-1 viremia and an inverse correlation between IL-15 levels and CD4+ T cell counts. These data support a potential role for IL-15 in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated immune activation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.