ArticleSaudi medical journal2016
Dry eye disease in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Article in Saudi medical journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet Implementation in Dry Eye Parameters: A Study of PREDIMED-PLUS Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Ocular Manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systemic Vascular Phenotype.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome with and Without Dry Eye Disease: An Observational Comparative Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Link Between Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Eye Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Effect on Dry Eye Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- High-Fat Nutritional Challenge Reshapes Circadian Signatures in Murine Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Short-term High Fructose Intake Reprograms the Transcriptional Clock Rhythm of the Murine Extraorbital Lacrimal Gland.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Article
- Ocular findings in metabolic syndrome: a review.Porto biomedical journalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate dry eye disease (DED) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and compare with healthy individuals.
methodsThe study was conducted in the Ophthalmology and Endocrinology Department of Bagcilar Education and Research Hospital, a tertiary care center in Istanbul, Turkey, between January and December 2015. In this prospective case-controlled study, dry eye disease tests were performed on 44 patients with MetS and 43 healthy controls. TearLab Osmolarity System, which is a lab-on-a-chip technology, was used to measure tear osmolarity. McMonnies & Ho symptoms questionnaire along with Schirmer I test and tear film break-up time (TFBUT) test were also performed. Statistical evaluation was performed by students' independent test.
resultsThere was no statistically significant difference in tear osmolarity, TFBUT, and McMonnies and Ho questionnaire scores between MetS and normal group. However, Schirmer I test was significantly higher in MetS group (14.8±9.4mm versus 20.4±9.4, p=0.007). In women subgroup, tear osmolarity was significantly higher in MetS group compared to the normal group and over the cut-off score 308 mOsm/L (309.4±13.1 mOsm/L versus 301.2±8.7mOsm/L, p=0.012).
conclusionPatients with MetS present with lower tear volumes and a higher incidence of lacrimal gland hypofunction than age-matched controls. Especially women with MetS have higher tear osmolarities, which disrupt the normal functioning of the ocular surface and cause inflammation. Clinicians should be aware of higher DED incidence in patients with MetS for early treatment to prevent serious ocular complications.
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