ArticleEndocrine pathology2017
Prognostic Significance of CD44 and Orthopedia Homeobox Protein (OTP) Expression in Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumours.
Article in Endocrine pathology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three-Tier Prognostic Stratification of Lung Carcinoids (NET G1-G2-G3) by Multivariable, Data-Driven Integration of Ki-67 and Mitotic Count.Endocrine pathology · 2026Article
- Clinical utility of molecular profiling in rare lung neuroendocrine neoplasms.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Phenotypic Landscape of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Subtyped by OTP/ASCL1 Expression Correlated with Histology, Hormones and Outcome.Endocrine pathology · 2025Article
- Absence of orthopaedia homeobox protein (OTP) expression is associated with disease spread and adverse outcome in pulmonary carcinoid tumour patients.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhancer landscape of lung neuroendocrine tumors reveals regulatory and developmental signatures with potential theranostic implications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Altered splicing machinery in lung carcinoids unveils NOVA1, PRPF8 and SRSF10 as novel candidates to understand tumor biology and expand biomarker discovery.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Orthopedia homeobox protein (OTP) in the diagnostic and prognostic workup of pulmonary carcinoid tumors.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- Lung carcinoid tumours: histology and Ki-67, the eternal rivalry.Histopathology · 2023Article
- Development and verification of new monoclonal orthopedia homeobox (OTP) specific antibodies for pulmonary carcinoid diagnostics.Translational lung cancer research · 2022Article
- Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: How Does Molecular Profiling Help?Current oncology reports · 2022Review
- Article
- Immunohistochemical Profile of Parathyroid Tumours: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Differential Orthopedia Homeobox expression in pulmonary carcinoids is associated with changes in DNA methylation.International journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms: recent progress and persistent challenges.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2022Review
- Molecular Pathology of Well-Differentiated Pulmonary and Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors: What Do Pathologists Need to Know?Endocrine pathology · 2021Review
- Article
- Orthopedia Homeobox (OTP) in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: The Diagnostic Value and Possible Molecular Interactions.Cancers · 2019Review
- Integrative and comparative genomic analyses identify clinically relevant pulmonary carcinoid groups and unveil the supra-carcinoids.Nature communications · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD44 and orthopedia homeobox protein (OTP) expressions have shown to be predictive of overall survival in pulmonary carcinoid (PC) tumours. The scope of the present study was to validate their role in PC patients and investigate potential application in clinical practice. Data was collected from patients presenting to a tertiary cancer centre diagnosed with PC between 2003 and 2015. Diagnosis was confirmed by central pathology review. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples collected at diagnosis were scored using immunohistochemistry (H score) for standard CD44 and nuclear and cytoplasmic OTP protein expression. The study included 108 patients. High CD44/nuclear OTP (nOTP) expression was strongly associated with typical carcinoid (TC) histology (p < 0.001). Eighty-six patients, who underwent radical surgical resection, were selected to assess the impact of patient and tumour parameters on relapse-free survival (RFS). Sixty-nine (80 %) had TC and 17 (20 %) had atypical carcinoid tumours. On multivariate analysis, high CD44 and nOTP expression, TC histology and non-infiltrative tumour growth were associated with superior RFS. Early stage TC (stage pT1aN0) patients (N = 32; 46 %) had excellent prognosis irrespective of CD44/nOTP status. Importantly, TC patients with locally advanced disease (defined as >pT1aN0) and high CD44/nOTP expression (N = 26; 38 %) had excellent RFS (p = 0.005) compared to those with the same stage but low CD44 and/or nOTP (N = 11; 16 %). Additionally, the combination of CD44/nOTP expression and tumour growth pattern led to a more accurate prognostic system compared to the established WHO classification of PC tumours (concordance index = 0.902 vs 0.811, respectively, p < 0.001). Assessment of CD44/nOTP expression combined with tumour growth pattern identifies clear groups with largely different prognosis. These findings provide important information on how patients with these resected cancers should be followed up.
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