ReviewJournal of neuroscience research2017
The immune system as a novel regulator of sex differences in brain and behavioral development.
Review in Journal of neuroscience research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Translational evidence for increased central amygdala IL-6 activity in alcohol dependence.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Apoptosis and Glial Marker Profiles in Hippocampus and Amygdala of Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Microecological modulators-new perspectives for treating sex hormone disorders.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Erythrocyte-microglia crosstalk contributing to sex differences in pediatric brain tumorigenesis.Research square · 2025Article
- Disproportionality Analysis of Adverse Events Associated with IL-1 Inhibitors in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Rat Glioma 101.8 Tissue Strain: Molecular and Morphological Features.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Immune Alterations in the Intrauterine Environment Shape Offspring Brain Development in a Sex-Specific Manner.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- Ulcerative colitis model triggers gut α-Synuclein aggregation without brain involvement or neuronal loss in female rats.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Developmental functions of microglia: Impact of psychosocial and physiological early life stress.Neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Feminization of social play behavior depends on microglia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The Association between Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Trajectory of Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors during Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: Evidence from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Can Long-Term Outcomes of Posttraumatic Headache be Predicted?Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Microglia contribute to neuronal synchrony despite endogenous ATP-related phenotypic transformation in acute mouse brain slices.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Relationship between sex biases in gene expression and sex biases in autism and Alzheimer's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Relationship between sex biases in gene expression and sex biases in autism and Alzheimer's disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies hippocampal microglial dysregulation in diet-induced obesity.iScience · 2023Article
- Sex-differences in anxiety, neuroinflammatory markers, and enhanced fear learning following chronic heroin withdrawal.Psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Three-Dimensional Analysis of Sex- and Gonadal Status- Dependent Microglial Activation in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sexual differentiation of the brain occurs early in life as a result of sex-typical hormone action and sex chromosome effects. Immunocompetent cells are being recognized as underappreciated regulators of sex differences in brain and behavioral development, including microglia, astrocytes, and possibly other less well studied cell types, including T cells and mast cells. Immunocompetent cells in the brain are responsive to steroid hormones, but their role in sex-specific brain development is an emerging field of interest. This Review presents a summary of what is currently known about sex differences in the number, morphology, and signaling profile of immune cells in the developing brain and their role in the early-life programming of sex differences in brain and behavior. We review what is currently known about sex differences in the response to early-life perturbations, including stress, inflammation, diet, and environmental pollutants. We also discuss how and why understanding sex differences in the developing neuroimmune environment may provide insight into understanding the etiology of several neurodevelopmental disorders. This Review also highlights what remains to be discovered in this emerging field of developmental neuroimmunology and underscores the importance of filling in these knowledge gaps. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.