ReviewJournal of neuroscience research2017
Sex differences in innate immunity and its impact on opioid pharmacology.
Review in Journal of neuroscience research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03692611 (Evaluation of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of a Novel Intervention for Chronic Pain Tailored to People Living With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of a Novel Intervention for Chronic Pain Tailored to People Living With HIV
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minocycline attenuates oxycodone-induced positive subjective responses in non-dependent, recreational opioid users.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2021Trial
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Prefrontal cortical microglial transcriptome relates to mouse offspring executive function deficits after perinatal opioid exposure in a sex-dependent manner.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Activation of G protein gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in keratinocytes mediates peripheral kappa opioid receptor-mediated antinociception.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Increased LPS-induced fever and sickness behavior in adult male and female rats perinatally exposed to morphine.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Sex differences in comorbid pain and opioid use disorder: A scoping review.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Targeting exosomal double-stranded RNA-TLR3 signaling pathway attenuates morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects of hunger are transmitted to the periphery via projection-specific AgRP circuits.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Effects of prenatal opioid exposure on synaptic adaptations and behaviors across development.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- The Interplay between Chronic Pain, Opioids, and the Immune System.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2022Review
- Morphine and Fentanyl Repeated Administration Induces Different Levels of NLRP3-Dependent Pyroptosis in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus of Male Rats via Cell-Specific Activation of TLR4 and Opioid Receptors.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- [Estradiol inhibits differentiation of mouse macrophage into a pro-inflammatory phenotype by upregulating the IRE1Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2022Article
- Opioid use among patients with pain syndromes commonly seeking surgical consultation: A retrospective cohort.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2021Article
- Review
- Sex differences in type and occurrence of adverse reactions to opioid analgesics: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Pain in Women: A Perspective Review on a Relevant Clinical Issue that Deserves Prioritization.Pain and therapy · 2021Review
- Cohort-based analysis of paternal opioid use in relation to offspring's BMI and plasma lipid profile.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Expression of mitochondrial TSPO and FAM173B is associated with inflammation and symptoms in patients with painful knee osteoarthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Sex- and Gender-Based Pharmacological Response to Drugs.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Article
- Considering sex as a biological variable will require a global shift in science culture.Nature neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for the treatment of pain. Clinical and animal models investigating sex differences in pain and analgesia demonstrate that morphine is a more potent analgesic in males than in females. In addition to binding to the neuronal μ-opioid receptor, morphine binds to the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), located on glial cells. Activation of glial TLR4 initiates a neuroinflammatory response that directly opposes morphine analgesia. Females of many species have a more active immune system than males; however, few studies have investigated glial cells as a potential mechanism driving sexually dimorphic responses to morphine. This Mini-Review illustrates the involvement of glial cells in key processes underlying observed sex differences in morphine analgesia and suggests that targeting glia may improve current treatment strategies for pain. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.