ReviewJournal of neuroscience research2017
The importance of studying sex differences in disease: The example of multiple sclerosis.
Review in Journal of neuroscience research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03000127 (A Pilot Trial of Testosterone Treatment for Fatigue in Men With Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Trial of Testosterone Treatment for Fatigue in Men With Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- The male-to-female ratio in late-onset multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Instruments measuring change in cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.Brain and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Sex hormones, the gut microbiome, and neurodegenerative diseases: Lifespan perspective.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Shedding Light on Interaction Between Neurological Symptoms and Psychiatric Episodes in Multiple Sclerosis: Novel Hypothesis and Therapeutic Avenues.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Thymic selection of the T cell receptor repertoire is biased toward autoimmunity in females.eLife · 2026Article
- Integrative multicohort analysis reveals consistent sex differences in gut microbiota of multiple sclerosis patients.mSystems · 2026Article
- Effects of Biological Sex and Age on Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers-A Retrospective Observational Study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Observational
- Patient profiling in relapsing multiple sclerosis: insights from a real-world observational study into the unmet medical needs of patients on disease-modifying therapy.Journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- VEP Abnormalities in Treatment-Naïve CIS/Early RRMS Without Prior Optic Neuritis: Clinical, Radiological, and CSF Associations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- HLA-DRB1*15:01 drives sex- and age-dependent microglial activation and neuroimmune signaling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Immunosuppression Paradox in Multiple Sclerosis: Are We Fueling the Fire by Suppressing Immunity in an Epstein-Barr Virus-Linked Disease?Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Age- and sex-related glymphatic differences and hemispheric asymmetry in healthy adults at 7.0T magnetic resonance imaging.Psychoradiology · 2026Article
- HLA-DRB1*15:01 drives sex- and age-dependent microglial immune phenotypes and neuroimmune signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Perspective of Disease and Treatment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Polish Multi-center Study.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Characteristics of Disease Relapses and Their Relationships with Weather Conditions in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.Science advances · 2025Review
- Upper cervical spinal cord atrophy in MS: Sex, menopause, and neurodegeneration.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Sex-specific response of intramuscular fat to diet-induced obesity in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Predictors of a relapsing course in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To date, scientific research has often focused on one sex, with assumptions that study of the other sex would yield similar results. However, many diseases affect males and females differently. The sex of a patient can affect the risk for both disease susceptibility and progression. Such differences can be brought to the laboratory bench to be investigated, potentially bringing new treatments back to the clinic. This method of research, known as a "bedside to bench to bedside" approach, has been applied to studying sex differences in multiple sclerosis (MS). Females have greater susceptibly to MS, while males have worse disease progression. These two characteristics of the disease are influenced by the immune system and the nervous system, respectively. Thus, sex differences in each system must be studied. Personalized medicine has been at the forefront of research recently, and studying sex differences in disease fits with this initiative. This review will discuss the known sex differences in MS and highlight how investigating them can lead to new insights and potential treatments for both men and women. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.