ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2017
Distinguishing hypothetical willingness from behavioral intentions to initiate HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): Findings from a large cohort of gay and bisexual men in the U.S.
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in Awareness, Willingness and Uptake of Biomedical HIV Prevention Among Bisexual and Gay Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Pooled it
- An empirical test of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of willingness and intention to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among adolescent men who have sex with men.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of mobile-based educational intervention using Instructional Systems Design in promoting preventive behaviors for sexually transmitted infections among Iranian women: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Migration Status and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Non-binary People in Australia: Results of a National Cross-Sectional Survey.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Prevention norms across socio-ecological levels and their relationship to PrEP-intention among men who have sex with men: a structural equation model.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Initiation Cascade: Patient Experiences with Primary Care in a Health Care System Before Starting PrEP.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Acceptability and willingness to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among female sex workers in Lagos State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Improve HIV Prevention and Substance Use in Youth Experiencing Homelessness (MY-RIDE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Barriers and Facilitators of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Willingness and Length of Use in Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Use Substances in Eight Southern US Cities.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- PrEP Use Among Black Transgender Women: A Qualitative Study on Barriers to PrEP Use and the Power and Promise of Community.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Willingness to Use Oral and Long-Acting Injectable PrEP in Substance-Using Men who have Sex with Men (SU-MSM) in High HIV Incidence Southern U.S. Cities: A NIDA Clinical Trials Network Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Associations of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) indication, HIV risk perception and unwillingness to use PrEP among people who inject drugs in Baltimore, MD.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Facilitators and Barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Willingness for Full-Service Sex Workers: A Social-Ecological Approach.Sociological inquiry · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with Planned Future Use of PrEP in the Next 3 Months and Likelihood to Use PrEP Among Black Cisgender HIV-negative Women in Texas.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- A Neuro-Influence Experiment to Evaluate the Persuasiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Promotion Messages Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Willingness to use and intention to adhere to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men in Jiangsu Province, China.AIDS care · 2023Article
- HIV Risk Perception, Willingness to Use PrEP, and PrEP Uptake Among Young Men who have Sex with Men in Washington, DC.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Engaging Latino sexual minority men in PrEP and behavioral health care: multilevel barriers, facilitators, and potential implementation strategies.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Women Want Choices: Opinions from the Share.Learn.Shape Global Internet Survey About Multipurpose Prevention Technology (MPT) Products in Development.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Geographic Disparities in Availability of Spanish-Language PrEP Services Among Latino Sexual Minority Men in South Florida.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2023Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleMuch of the data on the acceptability of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is based on willingness to take PrEP (i.e., hypothetical receptivity) rather than actual intentions (i.e., planned behavioral action) to do so.
objectiveWe sought to examine differences between hypothetical willingness and behavioral intentions to begin PrEP in a national sample of gay and bisexual men (GBM) across the U.S.
methodsWe utilized data collected in 2015 to examine differences between those Unwilling (42.6% n = 375), Willing but not intending (41.4%, n = 365), and willing and Intending to take PrEP (15.9%, n = 140) in a multivariable, multinomial logistic regression.
resultsMen with less education had higher odds of Intending to take PrEP. Compared to men unsure about PrEP's efficacy, those who believed PrEP was at least 90% efficacious had higher odds of Intending to take PrEP. Those who saw themselves as appropriate candidates for PrEP had higher odds of Intending to take PrEP while those who saw themselves as inappropriate candidates for PrEP had lower odds of Intending to take PrEP in comparison to men unsure if they were appropriate candidates. Increased motivation for condom non-use because of perceived sexual pressure by partners was associated with higher odds of Intending to take PrEP. The groups did not differ by risk behavior nor recent STI diagnosis.
conclusionsOverall, the distinction between willingness and intentions to take PrEP was meaningful and may help explain disparities between PrEP acceptability and uptake. While much of the literature has focused on hypothetical willingness to take PrEP, these results highlight the importance of simultaneously assessing willingness and intentions when examining correspondence with uptake and developing interventions to increase PrEP uptake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.