ReviewParasitology2018
Evaluating drug resistance in visceral leishmaniasis: the challenges.
Review in Parasitology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of clinical trials assessing the therapeutic efficacy of visceral leishmaniasis treatments: A first step to assess the feasibility of establishing an individual patient data sharing platform.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Pooled it
- A strategic discovery roadmap towards high-quality leads and drug development candidates for kinetoplastid diseases. Part 2: from molecule to confirmed hit.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Review
- Targeting environmental determinants and settlements in public health planning for the containment of visceral leishmaniasis: a One Health perspective.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The development of a global research agenda and individual participant data platform for visceral leishmaniasis: challenges and future opportunities.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Antileishmanial Activities of Methanol Extract and Solvent Fraction ofAdvances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- New immunomodulatory treatment protocol for canine leishmaniosis reduces parasitemia and proteinuria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Global Lipidomics Reveals the Lipid Composition Heterogeneity of Extracellular Vesicles from Drug-ResistantMetabolites · 2024Article
- Altered co-stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on monocyte subsets in patients with visceral leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Global Dilemma and Needs Assessment Toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Controlling Leishmaniasis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Review
- Shared challenges to the control of complex intracellular neglected pathogens.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- In vitro Anti-Leishmanial Activities of Methanol Extract ofJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2023Article
- A new immunochemotherapy schedule for visceral leishmaniasis in a hamster model.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Synthesis, Structure and Antileishmanial Evaluation of Endoperoxide-Pyrazole Hybrids.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The increasing incidence of visceral leishmaniasis relapse in South Sudan: A retrospective analysis of field patient data from 2001-2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Polyamine Metabolism inMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Simple Bioluminescent Assay for the Screening of Cytotoxic Molecules Against the Intracellular Form of Leishmania infantum.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Three different mutations in the DNA topoisomerase 1B in Leishmania infantum contribute to resistance to antitumor drug topotecan.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the Pharmacophoric Role of the O-O Bond in Synthetic Antileishmanial Compounds: Comparison between 1,2-Dioxanes and Tetrahydropyrans.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2020Article
- Integrative genomic, proteomic and phenotypic studies of Leishmania donovani strains revealed genetic features associated with virulence and antimony-resistance.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Mannose-Decorated Dendritic Polyglycerol Nanocarriers Drive Antiparasitic Drugs ToPharmaceutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For decades antimonials were the drugs of choice for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), but the recent emergence of resistance has made them redundant as first-line therapy in the endemic VL region in the Indian subcontinent. The application of other drugs has been limited due to adverse effects, perceived high cost, need for parenteral administration and increasing rate of treatment failures. Liposomal amphotericin B (AmB) and miltefosine (MIL) have been positioned as the effective first-line treatments; however, the number of monotherapy MIL-failures has increased after a decade of use. Since no validated molecular resistance markers are yet available, monitoring and surveillance of changes in drug sensitivity and resistance still depends on standard phenotypic in vitro promastigote or amastigote susceptibility assays. Clinical isolates displaying defined MIL- or AmB-resistance are still fairly scarce and fundamental and applied research on resistance mechanisms and dynamics remains largely dependent on laboratory-generated drug resistant strains. This review addresses the various challenges associated with drug susceptibility and -resistance monitoring in VL, with particular emphasis on the choice of strains, susceptibility model selection and standardization of procedures with specific read-out parameters and well-defined threshold criteria. The latter are essential to support surveillance systems and safeguard the limited number of currently available antileishmanial drugs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.