Trial reportEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2017
Learning curves of theta/beta neurofeedback in children with ADHD.
Trial report in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01363544 (Train Your Brain? Exercise and Neurofeedback Intervention for ADHD), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Train Your Brain? Exercise and Neurofeedback Intervention for ADHD
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Results of Neurofeedback in Treatment of Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2022Pooled it
- Cognitive benefits of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy track with epigenetic changes at an imprint regulator.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Alpha activity neuromodulation induced by individual alpha-based neurofeedback learning in ecological context: a double-blind randomized study.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Slow cortical potentials neurofeedback in children with ADHD: comorbidity, self-regulation and clinical outcomes 6 months after treatment in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2019Trial
- Frontal brain activity and cognitive processing speed in multiple sclerosis: An exploration of EEG neurofeedback training.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2019Trial
- An RCT into the effects of neurofeedback on neurocognitive functioning compared to stimulant medication and physical activity in children with ADHD.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Bidirectional EEG Neurofeedback of Sensorimotor Beta Oscillations Reveals Asymmetric Modulation and Strategy-Dependent Learning.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spontaneous Modulation of Standard EEG Frequency Bands During a Neurofeedback-Like Task.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy neurofeedback of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex enhances human spatial working memory.Neurophotonics · 2023Article
- Simplified Attachable EEG Revealed Child Development Dependent Neurofeedback Brain Acute Activities in Comparison with Visual Numerical Discrimination Task and Resting.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Neurofeedback for the Education of Children with ADHD and Specific Learning Disorders: A Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- A Case Study in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Innovative Neurofeedback-Based Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Effects of Neurofeedback in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Using Neurofeedback to Restore Inter-Hemispheric Imbalance: A Study Protocol for Adults With Dyslexia.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Article
- Non-pharmacologic management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a review.Translational pediatrics · 2020Review
- Neurofunctional and behavioural measures associated with fMRI-neurofeedback learning in adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Effects of a Theta/Sensorimotor Rhythm Neurofeedback Training Protocol on Measures of Impulsivity, Drug Craving, and Substance Abuse in Forensic Psychiatric Patients With Substance Abuse: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2018Article
- A 6-month follow-up of an RCT on behavioral and neurocognitive effects of neurofeedback in children with ADHD.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2018Article
- Evaluation of Two Types of Drug Treatment with QEEG in Children with ADHD.Translational neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurofeedback is widely applied as non-pharmacological intervention aimed at reducing symptoms of ADHD, even though efficacy has not been unequivocally established. Neuronal changes during the neurofeedback intervention that resemble learning can provide crucial evidence for the feasibility and specificity of this intervention. A total of 38 children (aged between 7 and 13 years) with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of ADHD, completed on average 29 sessions of theta (4-8 Hz)/beta (13-20 Hz) neurofeedback training. Dependent variables included training-related measures as well as theta and beta power during baseline and training runs for each session. Learning effects were analyzed both within and between sessions. To further specify findings, individual learning curves were explored and correlated with behavioral changes in ADHD symptoms. Over the course of the training, there was a linear increase in participants' mean training level, highest obtained training level and the number of earned credits (range b = 0.059, -0.750, p < 0.001). Theta remained unchanged over the course of the training, while beta activity increased linearly within training sessions (b = 0.004, 95% CI = [0.0013-0.0067], p = 0.005) and over the course of the intervention (b = 0.0052, 95% CI = [0.0039-0.0065], p < 0.001). In contrast to the group analyses, significant individual learning curves were found for both theta and beta over the course of the intervention in 39 and 53%, respectively. Individual learning curves were not significantly correlated with behavioral changes. This study shows that children with ADHD can gain control over EEG states during neurofeedback, although a lack of behavioral correlates may indicate insufficient transfer to daily functioning, or to confounding reinforcement of electromyographic activity. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: This trial is registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov, ref. no: NCT01363544); https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01363544 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.