Observational studyWound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society2017
Relationship between opioid treatment and rate of healing in chronic wounds.
Observational study in Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromuscular Stimulation of the Common Peroneal Nerve: Improved Pain Trajectory in Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating risk factors affecting chronic wound healing: a comprehensive analysis using logistic regression and neural network models.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Opioid System and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- The Impact of Nonpharmacological Interventions on Opioid Use for Chronic Noncancer Pain: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of preoperative opioid usage and its impact on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of anesthesia · 2023Article
- Use of topical morphine gel in epidermolysis bullosa wounds-A series of case studies.International wound journal · 2023Article
- Impact of preoperative opioid use on patient-reported outcomes following primary total knee arthroplasty.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2023Article
- Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases.Cells · 2022Review
- Pain Management in Older Adults with Chronic Wounds.Drugs & aging · 2022Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Topical Morphine: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Lumbar surgical drains do not increase the risk of infections in patients undergoing spine surgery.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Article
- Preoperative opiate use leads to increased postoperative opiate use and readmissions after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2022Article
- Grade IV Sacral Sore Treated with an Ointment Rich in PUFAs, Ceramides, and Antimicrobial Peptides.Case reports in dermatological medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Preoperative Opioid Use With Complication Rates and Resource Use in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
- Tissue Regeneration: The Dark Side of Opioids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Keratin Scaffolds Containing Casomorphin Stimulate Macrophage Infiltration and Accelerate Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Wound Care Specialist's Approach to Pyoderma Gangrenosum.Advances in wound care · 2020Review
- Leg Ulcers in Sickle-Cell Disease: Treatment Update.Advances in wound care · 2020Review
- Successful treatment of painful chronic wounds with amniotic and umbilical cord tissue: A case series.SAGE open medical case reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Opioids are routinely used analgesics in patients with chronic wounds; however the impact of opioid exposure on wound healing is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between opioid exposure and wound outcome in the Wound Etiology and Healing study. This longitudinal observational study was conducted on 450 subjects enrolled in the Wound Etiology and Healing biorepository. Data were collected prospectively including baseline characteristics, pain score, longitudinal opioid exposure, and total wound surface area (tWSA). Data were analyzed using static multivariate models, fixed-effects mixed models, and time to event analysis. Using fixed-effects models, opioid dose was significantly associated with tWSA after accounting for the effects of pain score and baseline co-variates (p < 0.0001). For each 1-unit increase in ln(opioid dose + 1) the ln(tWSA + 1) increased by 0.16 units (95% confidence interval 0.13-0.19, p < 0.0001). Visits where opioids were present had ln(tWSA + 1) 0.48 units larger (95% confidence interval 0.38-0.58, p < 0.0001) than visits with no opioid exposure. Using time-to-event analysis, patients who never received opioids healed faster than those who received opioids (log-rank chi-square 11.00, p = 0.0009). Using Cox regression analysis, patients with mean opioid dose ≥10 mg were significantly less likely to heal than those with no opioid (HR 0.67 [0.49-0.91], p = 0.011) after adjusting for wound size. Patients with opioid dose >0 to <10 mg had a similar hazard of not healing as those with no opioid exposure (HR 0.88 [0.65-1.19], p = 0.40). In conclusion, opioid analgesics are commonly prescribed to patients with chronic wounds; however, the data presented suggest that opioid exposure is associated with reduced likelihood of healing in patients with chronic wounds. Whether this is a causal relationship will require further study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.