SynthesisArthritis research & therapy2016
Profibrotic mediators in tendon disease: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Arthritis research & therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanical gating of tendon fibrogenic transcription in systemic sclerosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Increased Blood Flow and Tendon Swelling Precedes Vascular Expansion and Tissue Matrix Changes In Early Human Tendinopathy: A Potential Window for Superior Treatment Response.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Trigger finger and the risk of systemic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases: real-world evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Antifibrotic and Pro-regenerative Effects of SMAD3 siRNA and Collagen I mRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles in Human Tenocytes.ACS applied nano materials · 2024Article
- TLR4 knockdown by miRNA-140-5p improves tendinopathy: anArchives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Research progress of knee fibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Human tendon-on-a-chip for modeling vascular inflammatory fibrosis.Research square · 2023Article
- PAI-1 mediates TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast activation in tenocytes via mTOR signaling.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2023Article
- Equine induced pluripotent stem cells are responsive to inflammatory cytokines before and after differentiation into musculoskeletal cell types.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2023Article
- In Vitro Study of the Anti-inflammatory and Antifibrotic Activity of Tannic Acid-Coated Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles in Human Tenocytes.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Up-regulation of CREB-1 regulates tendon adhesion in the injury tendon healing through the CREB-1/TGF-β3 signaling pathway.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of IGF-1 Delivery Strategies on Tendon Healing: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Growth Factor Expression During Healing in 3 Distinct Tendons.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2022Article
- Friedelin Alleviates the Pathogenesis of Collagenase-Induced Tendinopathy in Mice by Promoting the Selective Autophagic Degradation of p65.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Causal Associations of Obesity With Achilles Tendinopathy: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Changes in Physiological Tendon Substrate Stiffness Have Moderate Effects on Tendon-Derived Cell Growth and Immune Cell Activation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Histological and molecular features of the subacromial bursa of rotator cuff tears compared to non-tendon defects: a pilot study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2021Article
- Structure-function specialisation of the interfascicular matrix in the human achilles tendon.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Article
- Scleraxis expressing scleral cells respond to inflammatory stimulation.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2021Article
- Amniotic membrane-mesenchymal stromal cells secreted factors and extracellular vesicle-miRNAs: Anti-inflammatory and regenerative features for musculoskeletal tissues.Stem cells translational medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTendon disease is characterized by the development of fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are key mediators in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the evidence for the expression of TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF along tendon disease progression and the response of tendon cells to these growth factors accordingly.
methodWe conducted a systematic screen of the scientific literature using the Medline database. The search terms used were "tendon AND TGF-β," "tendon AND BMP" or "tendon AND CTGF." Studies of human samples, animal tendon injury and overuse models were included.
resultsThirty-three studies were included. In eight studies the expression of TGF-β, BMPs or CTGF was dysregulated in chronic tendinopathy and tendon tear patient tissues in comparison with healthy control tissues. The expression of TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF was increased and showed temporal changes in expression in tendon tissues from animal injury or overuse models compared with the healthy control (23 studies), but the pattern of upregulation was inconsistent between growth factors and also the type of animal model. No study investigated the differences in the effect of TGF-β, BMPs or CTGF treatment between patient-derived cells from healthy and diseased tendon tissues. Tendon cells derived from animal models of tendon injury showed increased expression of extracellular matrix protein genes and increased cell signaling response to TGF-β and BMP treatments compared with the control cells (two studies).
conclusionThe expression of TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF in tendon tissues is altered temporally during healing in animal models of tendon injury or overuse, but the transition during the development of human tendon disease is currently unknown. Findings from this systematic review suggest a potential and compelling role for TGF-β, BMPs and CTGF in tendon disease; however, there is a paucity of studies analyzing their expression and stimulated cellular response in well-phenotyped human samples. Future work should investigate the dynamic expression of these fibrotic growth factors and their interaction with tendon cells using patient samples at different stages of human tendon disease.
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