SynthesisBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2017
Lesbian and bisexual women's gynaecological conditions: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Hormone Levels in Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women: Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2020Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Sexual Minority Women's Experiences of Health Care in the UK.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Lesbian and bisexual women's gynaecological conditions: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2017Pooled it
- Clinicians' self-reported HPV vaccination recommendations for sexual and gender minority patients.Vaccine · 2026Article
- Pre-pregnancy characteristics, medical conditions and prenatal support among pregnant women in same-sex relationships: a population-based cohort study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Acceptability and Use of Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Chatbots for Sexual and Reproductive Health Among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Queer Women of Color in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Can Support for Homosexuality Reduce the Prevalence of Mental Health Problems among LGBTQIranian journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Mental and Physical Health Care Among Sexual Minority Women: A Qualitative Exploration.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- What Are the Economic Arguments for Mandating LGBT+ Health Training for Healthcare Providers? An Economic Evaluation of the Impacts of LGBT+ Health Training on Cervical Screening.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Communication about sexual orientation and gender between clinicians, LGBT+ people facing serious illness and their significant others: a qualitative interview study of experiences, preferences and recommendations.BMJ quality & safety · 2023Article
- Live birth, cumulative live birth and perinatal outcome following assisted reproductive treatments using donor sperm in single women vs. women in lesbian couples: a prospective controlled cohort study.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2022Article
- Cross-sectional study of psychosocial well-being among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual gynecologic cancer survivors.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Cervical screening attendance and cervical cancer risk among women who have sex with women.Journal of medical screening · 2021Article
- Associations Between Sexual Orientation and Overall and Site-Specific Diagnosis of Cancer: Evidence From Two National Patient Surveys in England.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the gynaecological health of lesbian and bisexual (LB) women.
objectivesTo examine differences in incidence and/or prevalence of gynaecological conditions in LB compared with heterosexual women. SEARCH STRATEGY: The systematic review protocol was prospectively registered (PROSPERO-CRD42015027091) and searches conducted in seven databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: Comparative studies published 2000-2015, reporting any benign (non-infectious) and/or malignant gynaecological conditions with no language or setting restrictions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Inclusions, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted in duplicate. Meta-analyses of condition prevalence rates were conducted where ≥3 studies reported results. MAIN
resultsFrom 567 records, 47 full papers were examined and 11 studies of mixed designs included. No studies directly addressing the question were found. Two chronic pelvic pain studies reported higher rates in bisexual compared with heterosexual women (38.5 versus 28.2% and 18.6 versus 6.4%). Meta-analyses showed no statistically significant differences in polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis and fibroids. There was a higher rate of cervical cancer in bisexual than heterosexual women [odds ratio (OR) = 1.94; 95% CI 1.46-2.59] but no difference overall (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.15-3.92). There was a lower rate of uterine cancer in lesbian than heterosexual women (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.11-0.73) and overall (OR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.13-0.97), but no difference in bisexual women (OR = 0.43; 95% CI 0.06-3.07).
conclusionsMore bisexual women may experience chronic pelvic pain and cervical cancer than heterosexual women. There is no information on potential confounders. Better evidence is required, preferably monitoring sexual orientation in research using the existing validated measure and fully reporting results. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Lesbians have less uterine cancer than heterosexual women; bisexuals have more pelvic pain and cervical cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.