ArticleScientific reports2016
Dormant cancer cells accumulate high protoporphyrin IX levels and are sensitive to 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- 5-ALA in Oncology: Current Clinical Applications, Biological Limitations, and Emerging Translational Strategies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Photodynamic therapy: a promising alternative for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Protoporphyrin IX Beyond Conventional Applications: A Review of Emerging Research Directions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Roles of the ABCG2 Transporter in Protoporphyrin IX Distribution and Toxicity.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2024Review
- Article
- Enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy: Niosome-encapsulated Dox-Cis with MUC-1 aptamer.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- A PPIX-binding probe facilitates discovery of PPIX-induced cell death modulation by peroxiredoxin.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Metabolic shift towards oxidative phosphorylation reduces cell-density-induced cancer-stem-cell-like characteristics in prostate cancer in vitro.Biology open · 2023Article
- Photodynamic therapy induced cell cycle arrest and cancer cell synchronization: review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- A Thiosemicarbazone Derivative as a Booster in Photodynamic Therapy-A Way to Improve the Therapeutic Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A Recap of Heme Metabolism towards Understanding Protoporphyrin IX Selectivity in Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Antitumor Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Human Malignant Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- A Coumarin-Porphyrin FRET Break-Apart Probe for Heme Oxygenase-1.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2021Article
- Enhanced lipid metabolism induces the sensitivity of dormant cancer cells to 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Role of Biomimetic Hypoxia on Cancer Cell Behaviour in 3D Models: A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2021Review
- Key transporters leading to specific protoporphyrin IX accumulation in cancer cell following administration of aminolevulinic acid in photodynamic therapy/diagnosis.International journal of clinical oncology · 2021Review
- Metalloporphyrin Pd(T4) Exhibits Oncolytic Activity and Cumulative Effects with 5-ALA Photodynamic Treatment against C918 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Autophagy Regulation and Photodynamic Therapy: Insights to Improve Outcomes of Cancer Treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Loss of ferrochelatase is protective against colon cancer cells: ferrochelatase a possible regulator of the long noncoding RNA H19.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2019Article
- Linking Cancer Metabolic Dysfunction and Genetic Instability through the Lens of Iron Metabolism.Cancers · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and diagnosis (PDD) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to drive the production of an intracellular photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), are in common clinical use. However, the tendency to accumulate PpIX is not well understood. Patients with cancer can develop recurrent metastatic disease with latency periods. This pause can be explained by cancer dormancy. Here we created uniformly sized PC-3 prostate cancer spheroids using a 3D culture plate (EZSPHERE). We demonstrated that cancer cells exhibited dormancy in a cell density-dependent manner not only in spheroids but also in 2D culture. Dormant cancer cells accumulated high PpIX levels and were sensitive to ALA-PDT. In dormant cancer cells, transporter expressions of PEPT1, ALA importer, and ABCB6, an intermediate porphyrin transporter, were upregulated and that of ABCG2, a PpIX exporter, was downregulated. PpIX accumulation and ALA-PDT cytotoxicity were enhanced by G0/G1-phase arrestors in non-dormant cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that ALA-PDT would be an effective approach for dormant cancer cells and can be enhanced by combining with a cell-growth inhibitor.
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