ArticleNeurology2016
Genetically decreased vitamin D and risk of Alzheimer disease.
Article in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin deficiency, a neglected risk factor for post-anesthesia complications: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D and human health: evidence from Mendelian randomization studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Association between vitamin D concentration and delirium in hospitalized patients: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Multiple Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Observational Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials, and Mendelian Randomization Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Role of Vitamin D in Preventing and Treating Selected Extraskeletal Diseases-An Umbrella Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Which Risk Factors Causally Influence Dementia? A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2018Pooled it
- Vitamin D and cognitive function: A Mendelian randomisation study.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Health Outcomes: State-of-the-Art Review of Triangulated Evidence and Ongoing Controversies.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Genetics and environmental determinants of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in older Africans: a narrative review.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2025Review
- The role of serum vitamins in mediating the effect of neurodegenerative diseases on subcortical brain volume.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with Parkinson's disease based on the results from the NHANES 2007 to 2018 and Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Vitamin D: Evidence-Based Health Benefits and Recommendations for Population Guidelines.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Network Analysis of Brain and Bone Tissue Transcripts Reveals Shared Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias and Osteoporosis.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- A Brief History of the Progress in Our Understanding of Genetics and Lifestyle, Especially Diet, in the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- The Protective Effect of Vitamin D on Dementia Risk in Hemodialysis Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Periodontal Disease and Other Adverse Health Outcomes Share Risk Factors, including Dietary Factors and Vitamin D Status.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Evidence That Increasing Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations to 30 ng/mL in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates Could Greatly Improve Health Outcomes.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Revisiting the Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Alzheimer's Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Metabolic profile-based subgroups can identify differences in brain volumes and brain iron deposition.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo test whether genetically decreased vitamin D levels are associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) using mendelian randomization (MR), a method that minimizes bias due to confounding or reverse causation.
methodsWe selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels (p < 5 × 10
resultsThe SUNLIGHT Consortium identified 4 SNPs to be genome-wide significant for 25OHD, which described 2.44% of the variance in 25OHD in CaMos. All 4 SNPs map to genes within the vitamin D metabolic pathway. MR analyses demonstrated that a 1-SD decrease in natural log-transformed 25OHD increased AD risk by 25% (odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.51, p = 0.021). After sensitivity analysis in which we removed SNPs possibly influenced by pleiotropy and population stratification, the results were largely unchanged.
conclusionsOur results provide evidence supporting 25OHD as a causal risk factor for AD. These findings provide further rationale to understand the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cognition and AD risk in randomized controlled trials.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.