Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27856615›Full record

ArticleGenes & development2016

Epigenetic regulation of intestinal stem cells by Tet1-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation.

Rinho Kim, Karyn L Sheaffer, Inchan Choi, Kyoung-Jae Won, Klaus H Kaestner

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & development, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Intrinsic regulation of intestinal stem cell fate and homeostasis by Tet.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Tet1 safeguards lineage allocation in intestinal stem cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. TET3-mediated DNA oxidation is essential for intestinal epithelial cell response to stressors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rinho KimDepartment of Genetics, Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Karyn L SheafferDepartment of Genetics, Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Inchan ChoiDepartment of Genetics, Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Kyoung-Jae WonDepartment of Genetics, Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Klaus H KaestnerDepartment of Genetics, Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1228-021X
University of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

VIRAL VECTOR COREP30DK019525 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MITCHELL A. LAZAR · 1986 to 2026
$48.3M
TRANSGENIC AND CHIMERIC MOUSE COREP30DK050306 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ken Hashigiwa Cadwell · 1997 to 2026
$32.5M
Regulatory cascades in gastrointestinal proliferationR37DK053839 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI KAESTNER, KLAUS H · 2012 to 2021
$3.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK019525NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK050306NIDDK NIH HHS R37 DK053839
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Methylated cytosines are associated with gene silencing. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) hydroxylases, which oxidize methylated cytosines to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), are essential for cytosine demethylation. Gene silencing and activation are critical for intestinal stem cell (ISC) maintenance and differentiation, but the potential role of TET hydroxylases in these processes has not yet been examined. Here, we generated genome-wide maps of the 5hmC mark in ISCs and their differentiated progeny. Genes with high levels of hydroxymethylation in ISCs are strongly associated with Wnt signaling and developmental processes. We found Tet1 to be the most abundantly expressed Tet gene in ISCs; therefore, we analyzed intestinal development in Tet1-deficient mice and determined that these mice are growth-retarded, exhibit partial postnatal lethality, and have significantly reduced numbers of proliferative cells in the intestinal epithelium. In addition, the Tet1-deficient intestine displays reduced organoid-forming capacity. In the Tet1-deficient crypt, decreased expression of Wnt target genes such as Axin2 and Lgr5 correlates with lower 5hmC levels at their promoters. These data demonstrate that Tet1-mediated DNA hydroxymethylation plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation of the Wnt pathway in intestinal stem and progenitor cells and consequently in the self-renewal of the intestinal epithelium.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticAnimalsCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedDNA-Binding ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalIntestinesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledSequence DeletionStem CellsWnt Signaling PathwayDNA-Binding ProteinsLgr5 protein, mouseProto-Oncogene ProteinsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledTET1 protein, mouseepigenomicshydroxymethylationintestinal differentiationintestinal stem cellTet1

Identifiers

PMID27856615
PMCPMC5131782
OpenAlexW2555375113

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.