ArticleMucosal immunology2017
The rectal mucosa and condomless receptive anal intercourse in HIV-negative MSM: implications for HIV transmission and prevention.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Running with Scissors: a Systematic Review of Substance Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum Among Sexual Minority Men.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Pooled it
- Gut microbiome in people living with HIV is associated with impaired thiamine and folate syntheses.Microbial pathogenesis · 2021Pooled it
- The Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Gut Microbiota α-Diversity: An Individual-level Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Pooled it
- Gut Microbiome Changes Associated With HIV Infection and Sexual Orientation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Getting to yes: Pilot sequential multiple assignment randomized trial of motivational enhancement interventions targeting preexposure prophylaxis use in sexual minority men who use stimulants.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Trial
- HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Substance-Using Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults: Baseline Survey of a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Trial
- Repeated rectal application of a hyperosmolar lubricant is associated with microbiota shifts but does not affect PrEP drug concentrations: results from a randomized trial in men who have sex with men.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Trial
- Sexual delay discounting as a moderator of the association between substance use and condomless anal sex among young black and Latino men who have sex with men.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Noninvasive Sampling Reveals Distinct Human Papillomavirus and Immune Signatures Associated With Cytological Abnormalities in People Living With HIV-1.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Analysis of trends and risk factors of HIV incidence in men who have sex with men in Chongqing, China: a retrospective cohort study, 2013-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Variation in antiviral immunity and inflammation pathways precedes HIV-1 infection in a high-risk African cohort.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Douching Is Associated With Dysregulated Rectal Mucosal Immunity in Sexual Minority Men.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Metagenomic analysis reveals rectal microbiota features associated with HIV and behavioral factors in Nigerian men who have sex with men.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Biosocial Microbiome: Gender Identity, Geography, and Mucosal Microbial Phenotypes.Research square · 2026Article
- Is Sexual Transmission of Chagas Disease Possible? Evaluating the Evidence and Future Directions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sexual behavior influences the abundance of Prevotellaceae family in men who have sex with men.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Dismantling Stereotypes About Being Top, Versatile, or Bottom: Sexual Minority Men's Anal Sex Position Identity as It Relates to Attraction, Sexual Behavior, and Anthropomorphic Characteristics.Journal of sex research · 2025Article
- Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Most HIV transmissions among men who have sex with men (MSM), the group that accounted for 67% of new US infections in 2014, occur via exposure to the rectal mucosa. However, it is unclear how the act of condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI) may alter the mucosal immune environment in HIV-negative MSM. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of the rectal mucosal immune environment for the phenotype and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CD4 and CD8 T cells, global transcriptomic analyses, and the composition of microbiota in HIV-negative MSM. Our results show that compared with men who had never engaged in anal intercourse, the rectal mucosa of MSM engaging in CRAI has a distinct phenotype characterized by higher levels of Th17 cells, greater CD8+ T cell proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, molecular signatures associated with mucosal injury and repair likely mediated by innate immune cells, and a microbiota enriched for the Prevotellaceae family. These data provide a high-resolution model of the immunological, molecular, and microbiological perturbations induced by CRAI, will have direct utility in understanding rectal HIV transmission among MSM, and will enhance the design of future biomedical prevention interventions, including candidate HIV vaccines.
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