ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2017
Early-life farm exposures and adult asthma and atopy in the Agricultural Lung Health Study.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interaction between Genetic Risk Scores for reduced pulmonary function and smoking, asthma and endotoxin.Thorax · 2021Pooled it
- [Prevalence of pediatric asthma in the rural areas of China: a Meta analysis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Is atopy a risk indicator of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in dairy farmers?Respiratory research · 2019Trial
- Maternal Low-Dose Lipopolysaccharide Exposure and House Dust Mite Challenge Alter Serum IgG N-Glycosylation in Offspring Mice.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Smoking drives an epigenetic memory of aberrant hematopoiesis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Animal farming and the oral microbiome in the Agricultural Health Study.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Harnessing the Farm Effect: Microbial Products for the Treatment and Prevention of Asthma Throughout Life.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Occupational farm work activities influence workers' indoor home microbiome.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of smoking exposures and their interactions on DNA methylation.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Epithelial Barrier Theory: The Role of Exposome, Microbiome, and Barrier Function in Allergic Diseases.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Review
- Winds of change a tale of: asthma and microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Early-life farm exposures and eczema among adults in the Agricultural Lung Health Study.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2022Article
- Residential Wood Burning and Pulmonary Function in the Agricultural Lung Health Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Pesticide use and risk of systemic autoimmune diseases in the Agricultural Health Study.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Understanding the development of Th2 cell-driven allergic airway disease in early life.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Review
- Microbial dysbiosis and childhood asthma development: Integrated role of the airway and gut microbiome, environmental exposures, and host metabolic and immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Drivers and hazards of consumption of unpasteurised bovine milk and milk products in high-income countries.PeerJ · 2022Article
- Urban vs rural - Prevalence of self-reported allergies in various occupational and regional settings.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2022Article
- Baby's skin bacteria: first impressions are long-lasting.Trends in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies, mostly from Europe, suggest that early-life farming exposures protect against childhood asthma and allergy; few data exist on asthma and allergy in adults.
objectiveWe sought to examine associations between early-life farming exposures and current asthma and atopy in an older adult US farming population.
methodsWe analyzed data from 1746 farmers and 1555 spouses (mean age, 63) from a case-control study nested within the Agricultural Health Study. Current asthma and early-life farming exposures were assessed via questionnaires. We defined atopy based on specific IgE > 0.70 IU/mL to at least 1 of 10 allergens measured in blood. We used logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, race, state (Iowa or North Carolina), and smoking (pack years), to estimate associations between early-life exposures and asthma (1198 cases and 2031 noncases) or atopy (578 cases and 2526 noncases).
resultsExposure to the farming environment in utero and in early childhood had little or no association with asthma but was associated with reduced odds of atopy. The strongest association was seen for having a mother who performed farm activities while pregnant (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.48-0.74) and remained significant in models with correlated early-life exposures including early childhood farm animal contact and raw milk consumption.
conclusionsIn a large US farming population, early-life farm exposures, particularly maternal farming activities while pregnant, were strongly associated with reduced risk of atopy in adults. These results extend previous work done primarily on childhood outcomes and suggest that protective associations of early-life farming exposures on atopy endure across the life course.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.