Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27841903›Full record

GuidelineCardiovascular journal of Africa

Cardiology-cardiothoracic subspeciality training in South Africa: a position paper of the South Africa Heart Association.

Karen Sliwa, Liesl Zühlke, Robert Kleinloog, Anton Doubell, Iftikhar Ebrahim, Mohammed Essop, Dave Kettles, David Jankelow, Sajidah Khan, Eric Klug and 13 more

Abstract readPractice Guideline
In one paragraph

Guideline in Cardiovascular journal of Africa. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Landscape Analysis of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Services in Africa.World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Women in Thoracic Surgery in Africa: a call for intersocietal coalition.Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2022
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Arrhythmia care in Africa.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2019
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Karen SliwaHatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, MRC Inter-University Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town; Soweto Cardiovascular Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Email: Karen.Sliwa-Hahnle@uct.ac.za.
Liesl ZühlkeDepartments of Paediatric Cardiology and Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Robert KleinloogCardiothoracic Surgery, Ethekwini Hospital and Heart Centre, Durban, South Africa.
Anton DoubellDivision of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Iftikhar EbrahimNetcare Unitas Hospital, Lyttleton Manor, Pretoria, South Africa.
Mohammed EssopDivision of Cardiology, Baragwanath Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Dave KettlesSt Dominic's Hospital, and Frere Hospital, East London, South Africa.
David JankelowNetcare Linksfield Hospital, Linksfield West, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sajidah KhanDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Eric KlugNetcare Sunninghill Hospital, Sunninghill, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sandrine LecourHatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
David MaraisDivision of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Martin MpeMediclinic Heart Hospital, Arcadia, Pretoria, South Africa.
Mpiko NtsekheDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Les OsrinZuid-Afrikaans Hospital, Muckleneuk and Department of Cardiology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Francis SmitDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Adriaan SnydersWilgers Medical Consortium, Die Wilgers, Pretoria, South Africa.
Jean Paul TheronInterventional Cardiology Unit, Netcare Union Hospital, Alberton, South Africa.
Andrew ThorntonNetcare Sunninghill Hospital, Sunninghill, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Ashley ChinDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Nico van der MerweMediclinic Bloemfontein, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Erika DauSouth African Heart Association, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Andrew SarkinDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and University of Pretoria, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past decades, South Africa has undergone rapid demographic changes, which have led to marked increases in specific cardiac disease categories, such as rheumatic heart disease (now predominantly presenting in young adults with advanced and symptomatic disease) and coronary artery disease (with rapidly increasing prevalence in middle age). The lack of screening facilities, delayed diagnosis and inadequate care at primary, secondary and tertiary levels have led to a large burden of patients with heart failure. This leads to suffering of the patients and substantial costs to society and the healthcare system. In this position paper, the South African Heart Association (SA Heart) National Council members have summarised the current state of cardiology, cardiothoracic surgery and paediatric cardiology reigning in South Africa. Our report demonstrates that there has been minimal change in the number of successfully qualified specialists over the last decade and, therefore, a de facto decline per capita. We summarise the major gaps in training and possible interventions to transform the healthcare system, dealing with the colliding epidemic of communicable disease and the rapidly expanding epidemic of non-communicable disease, including cardiac disease.

Indexed as

Cardiac Surgical ProceduresCardiologistsCardiologyCurriculumDelivery of Health CareEducation, Medical, GraduateHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Services Needs and DemandHumansPediatricsProfessional Practice GapsSocieties, MedicalSouth AfricaSpecializationSurgeonsThoracic Surgery

Identifiers

PMID27841903
PMCPMC5783290

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.