ArticlePlant physiology2017
Distinct Mechanisms of the ORANGE Protein in Controlling Carotenoid Flux.
Article in Plant physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- ORANGE: a tale of two pigments and two organelles.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Boosting β-carotene in rice and wheat grains through seed-specific expression of a modified wheat or gene.Transgenic research · 2026Article
- A melon (bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- ORANGE family proteins: multifunctional chaperones shaping plant carotenoid level, plastid development, stress tolerance, and more.Molecular horticulture · 2025Review
- Mapping and transcriptomic profiling reveal that the KNAT6 gene is involved in the dark green peel colour of mature pumpkin fruit (Cucurbita maxima L.).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2024Article
- The Y locus encodes a REPRESSOR OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC GENES protein that represses carotenoid biosynthesis via interaction with APRR2 in carrot.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Genetic Engineering and Innovative Cultivation Strategies for Enhancing the Lutein Production in Microalgae.Marine drugs · 2024Review
- Research progress on differentiation and regulation of plant chromoplasts.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Nudix hydrolase 23 post-translationally regulates carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Possibility of genome editing for melon breeding.Breeding science · 2024Article
- Open avenues for carotenoid biofortification of plant tissues.Plant communications · 2023Review
- Genetic mapping of a single nuclear locus determines the white flesh color in watermelon (Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Comparative transcriptomic and plastid development analysis sheds light on the differential carotenoid accumulation in kiwifruit flesh.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Mapping and Validation ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Plant carotenoids: recent advances and future perspectives.Molecular horticulture · 2022Review
- "Omics" insights into plastid behavior toward improved carotenoid accumulation.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Overexpression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Nucleotide variation in the phytoene synthase (ClPsy1) gene contributes to golden flesh in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2022Article
- Multispecies transcriptomes reveal core fruit development genes.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
β-Carotene adds nutritious value and determines the color of many fruits, including melon (Cucumis melo). In melon mesocarp, β-carotene accumulation is governed by the Orange gene (CmOr) golden single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) through a yet to be discovered mechanism. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), OR increases carotenoid levels by posttranscriptionally regulating phytoene synthase (PSY). Here, we identified a CmOr nonsense mutation (Cmor-lowβ) that lowered fruit β-carotene levels with impaired chromoplast biogenesis. Cmor-lowβ exerted a minimal effect on PSY transcripts but dramatically decreased PSY protein levels and enzymatic activity, leading to reduced carotenoid metabolic flux and accumulation. However, the golden SNP was discovered to not affect PSY protein levels and carotenoid metabolic flux in melon fruit, as shown by carotenoid and immunoblot analyses of selected melon genotypes and by using chemical pathway inhibitors. The high β-carotene accumulation in golden SNP melons was found to be due to a reduced further metabolism of β-carotene. This was revealed by genetic studies with double mutants including carotenoid isomerase (yofi), a carotenoid-isomerase nonsense mutant, which arrests the turnover of prolycopene. The yofi F2 segregants accumulated prolycopene independently of the golden SNP Moreover, Cmor-lowβ was found to inhibit chromoplast formation and chloroplast disintegration in fruits from 30 d after anthesis until ripening, suggesting that CmOr regulates the chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CmOr is required to achieve PSY protein levels to maintain carotenoid biosynthesis metabolic flux but that the mechanism of the CmOr golden SNP involves an inhibited metabolism downstream of β-carotene to dramatically affect both carotenoid content and plastid fate.
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