ArticlePlant physiology2017
KNS4/UPEX1: A Type II Arabinogalactan β-(1,3)-Galactosyltransferase Required for Pollen Exine Development.
Article in Plant physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arabinogalactan Proteins in Pollen-Pistil Interactions: Molecular Regulators of Reproductive Barriers and Compatibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cell wall-related glycosyltransferases and wall architecture in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- The invisible cytomixis: how a cytological phenomenon can be misinterpreted or totally overlooked.Planta · 2025Review
- Determining the Role of OsAGP6P in Anther Development Within the Arabinogalactan Peptide Family of Rice (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A review on the function of arabinogalactan-proteins during pollen grain development.Plant reproduction · 2025Review
- Gene expression profiles and metabolic pathways responsible for male sterility in cybrid pummelo.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- EPAD1 Orthologs Play a Conserved Role in Pollen Exine Patterning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Pollen wall development in Impatiens glandulifera: exine substructure and underlying mechanisms.Protoplasma · 2024Article
- Knockout of eightCell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Arabinogalactan proteins - Multifunctional glycoproteins of the plant cell wall.Cell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- Article
- Cold Stress Response Mechanisms in Anther Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Integrated Analysis of Microarray, Small RNA, and Degradome Datasets Uncovers the Role of MicroRNAs in Temperature-Sensitive Genic Male Sterility in Wheat.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Arabinogalactan Proteins: Focus on the Role in Cellulose Synthesis and Deposition during Plant Cell Wall Biogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Changes Related to Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Spring Stem Mustard (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- CAGEs are Golgi-localized GT31 enzymes involved in cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Review
- An ortholog of the MADS-box gene SEPALLATA3 regulates stamen development in the woody plant Jatropha curcas.Planta · 2022Article
- Hydroxyproline-Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Functional characterization of hydroxyproline-O-galactosyltransferases for Arabidopsis arabinogalactan-protein synthesis.BMC plant biology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pollen exine is essential for protection from the environment of the male gametes of seed-producing plants, but its assembly and composition remain poorly understood. We previously characterized Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants with abnormal pollen exine structure and morphology that we named kaonashi (kns). Here we describe the identification of the causal gene of kns4 that was found to be a member of the CAZy glycosyltransferase 31 gene family, identical to UNEVEN PATTERN OF EXINE1, and the biochemical characterization of the encoded protein. The characteristic exine phenotype in the kns4 mutant is related to an abnormality of the primexine matrix laid on the surface of developing microspores. Using light microscopy with a combination of type II arabinogalactan (AG) antibodies and staining with the arabinogalactan-protein (AGP)-specific β-Glc Yariv reagent, we show that the levels of AGPs in the kns4 microspore primexine are considerably diminished, and their location differs from that of wild type, as does the distribution of pectin labeling. Furthermore, kns4 mutants exhibit reduced fertility as indicated by shorter fruit lengths and lower seed set compared to the wild type, confirming that KNS4 is critical for pollen viability and development. KNS4 was heterologously expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana, and was shown to possess β-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase activity responsible for the synthesis of AG glycans that are present on both AGPs and/or the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I. These data demonstrate that defects in AGP/pectic glycans, caused by disruption of KNS4 function, impact pollen development and viability in Arabidopsis.
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