Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27836305›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cardiology2017

Age at menarche and risk of major cardiovascular diseases: Evidence of birth cohort effects from a prospective study of 300,000 Chinese women.

Ling Yang, Liming Li, Iona Y Millwood, Sanne A E Peters, Yiping Chen, Yu Guo, Zheng Bian, Xiaofang Chen, Lingli Chen, Shixian Feng and 5 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of cardiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Family Functioning and Pubertal Maturation in Hispanic/Latino Children from the HCHS/SOL Youth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Ling YangClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: ling.yang@ndph.ox.ac.uk.
Liming LiChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China; Department of Public Health, Beijing University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: lmlee@vip.163.com.
Iona Y MillwoodClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sanne A E PetersThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Yiping ChenClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Yu GuoChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China.
Zheng BianChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, China.
Xiaofang ChenPengzhou CDC NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Penzhou, Sichuan, China.
Lingli ChenTongxiang CDC NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China.
Shixian FengHenan CDC NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Silu LvLicang CDC, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Zhigang PangHeilongjiang CDC NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Zhengming ChenClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
China Kadoorie Biobank study collaborative group (members listed in the acknowledgement section)
University of Oxford · GBChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNBeijing City University · CNGeorge Institute for Global Health · GBHenan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNThe George Institute for Global Health · AUXian Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CN

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_12026/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies of mostly Western women have reported inconsistent findings on the association between age at menarche and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the association in China where there has been a large intergenerational decrease in women's mean age at menarche.

methodsThe China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 302,632 women aged 30-79 (mean 50.5)years in 2004-8 from 10 diverse regional sites across China. During 7years follow-up, 14,111 incident cases of stroke, 14,093 of coronary heart disease (CHD), and 3200 CVD deaths were reported among 281,491 women who had no prior history of CVD at baseline. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) relating age at menarche to CVD risks.

resultsThe mean (SD) age of menarche was 15.4 (1.9)years, decreasing from 16.2 (2.0) among women born before 1940 to 14.7 (1.6) for those born during the 1960s-1970s. The patterns of association between age at menarche and CVD risk appeared to differ between different birth cohorts, with null associations in older generations but U-shaped or weak positive associations in younger women, especially those born after the 1960s. After minimizing the potential confounding effects from major CVD risk factors, both early and late menarche, compared with menarche at age 13years, were associated with increased risk of CVD morbidity and mortality, which was more pronounced in younger generations.

conclusionAmong Chinese women the associations between age at menarche and risk of CVD differed by birth cohort, suggesting other factors may underpin the association.

Indexed as

Cause of DeathAdolescentAdultAgedAge of OnsetAsian PeopleCardiovascular DiseasesChinaCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMenarcheMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRegression AnalysisAge at menarcheBirth cohortCardiovascular diseaseChineseProspective studies

Identifiers

PMID27836305
PMCPMC5176087
OpenAlexW2548974932

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.