ArticleOncotarget2016
CXCR4 antagonists suppress small cell lung cancer progression.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of neuroendocrine neoplasm-specific systemic treatments on expression and function of CXCR4 in neuroendocrine tumor cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Preclinical Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Oncology.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026Review
- Targeting CXCR4 with 212Pb/203Pb-Pentixather Significantly Increases Overall Survival in Small Cell Lung Cancer.Radiation research · 2025Article
- SubvertingBiology · 2024Review
- Activating Invasion and Metastasis in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Tumour Immune Microenvironment and Mechanisms of Vasculogenesis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Cell Migration, and Organ Tropism.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- [Research Progress on the Mechanism and Diagnostic Markers of Bone Metastasis in Small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2024Review
- Review
- Informed by Cancer Stem Cells of Solid Tumors: Advances in Treatments Targeting Tumor-Promoting Factors and Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The β2-adrenergic receptor associates with CXCR4 multimers in human cancer cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Chemokines in the tumor microenvironment: implications for lung cancer and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: an effective player of the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Perspectives of HIV-Associated Chemokine Receptor (CCR5 and CXCR4) Antagonists in Carcinomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Emerging role of chemokines in small cell lung cancer: Road signs for metastasis, heterogeneity, and immune response.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
- Fibrocytes boost tumor-supportive phenotypic switches in the lung cancer niche via the endothelin system.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Macrophages Are a Double-Edged Sword: Molecular Crosstalk between Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Stem Cells.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- CXC Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Disease and Pharmacological Relevance.International journal of inflammation · 2022Review
- Nanotechnology-enhanced immunotherapy for metastatic cancer.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2021Review
- At the Bench: Pre-clinical evidence for multiple functions of CXCR4 in cancer.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Review
- A narrative review of tumor-associated macrophages in lung cancer: regulation of macrophage polarization and therapeutic implications.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Review
- Mechanisms of small cell lung cancer metastasis.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis due to early metastatic spread and development of chemoresistance. Playing a key role in tumor-stroma interactions the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis may be involved in both processes and thus represent a promising therapeutic target in SCLC treatment. In this study we investigated the effect of CXCR4 inhibition on metastasis formation and chemoresistance using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. This model demonstrates regional spread and spontaneous distant metastases closely reflecting the clinical situation in extensive SCLC. Tumor engraftment, growth, metabolism, and metastatic spread were monitored using different imaging techniques: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Treatment of mice bearing chemoresistant primary tumors with the specific CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 reduced the growth of the primary tumor by 61% (P<0.05) and additionally suppressed metastasis formation by 43%. In comparison to CXCR4 inhibition as a monotherapy, standard chemotherapy composed of cisplatin and etoposide reduced the growth of the primary tumor by 71% (P<0.01) but completely failed to suppress metastasis formation. Combination of chemotherapy and the CXCR4 inhibitor integrated the highest of both effects. The growth of the primary tumor was reduced to a similar extent as with chemotherapy alone and metastasis formation was reduced to a similar extent as with CXCR4 inhibitor alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate in this orthotopic mouse model that the addition of a CXCR4 inhibitor to chemotherapy significantly reduces metastasis formation. Thus, it might improve the overall therapy response and consequently the outcome of SCLC patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.