ArticlePloS one2016
Nutritional Status and Tuberculosis Risk in Adult and Pediatric Household Contacts.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index and tuberculosis risk: an updated systematic literature review and dose-response meta-analysis.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the primary Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine against the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Pooled it
- Diabetes as a risk factor for tuberculosis disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Undernutrition as a risk factor for tuberculosis disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Transmission Dynamics in Tuberculosis Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 32 Observational Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Pooled it
- Improvement of Nutritional Status among Tuberculosis Patients byBioMed research international · 2020Trial
- Incidence of and Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Among Patients Treated for Hepatitis C: a Population-based Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Alcohol Consumption of Male Tuberculosis Index Cases and Tuberculosis Transmission Among Social Contacts in Puducherry, India: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- A competing risk analysis of predictors of time to lost to follow-up among adults with TB/HIV coinfection in Bahir Dar.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Impact of Vaccination Status on Anthropometric Indices of Growth Among Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Pulmonary tuberculosis among prisoners in Southern Thailand: prevalence and its association with imprisonment status.International journal of prisoner health · 2022Article
- Vitamin D Concentrations in Infancy and the Risk of Tuberculosis Disease in Childhood: A Prospective Birth Cohort in Cape Town, South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes - Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Diabetes-Associated Susceptibility to Tuberculosis: Contribution of Hyperglycemia vs. Dyslipidemia.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Pre-Diabetes Increases Tuberculosis Disease Severity, While High Body Fat Without Impaired Glucose Tolerance Is Protective.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Overweight, Obesity, and Older Age Favor Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Household Contacts in Low Tuberculosis-Incidence Settings within Panama.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- More Than Malnutrition: A Review of the Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Tuberculosis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Review
- Development and Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Estimate Intake among Children and Adolescents in Urban Peru.Nutrients · 2017Article
- Regional solar radiation is inversely correlated with incidence and severity of tuberculosis in Chile.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies show obesity decreases risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. There is limited evidence on whether high body mass index also protects against TB infection; how very high body mass indices influence TB risk; or whether nutritional status predicts this risk in children. We assessed the impact of body mass index on incident TB infection and disease among adults and children. METHODS AND
findingsWe conducted a prospective cohort study among household contacts of pulmonary TB cases in Lima, Peru. We determined body mass index at baseline and followed participants for one year for TB infection and disease. We used Cox proportional regression analyses to estimate hazard ratios for incident TB infection and disease. We enrolled 14,044 household contacts, and among 6853 negative for TB infection and disease at baseline, 1787 (26.1%) became infected. A total of 406 contacts developed secondary TB disease during follow-up. Body mass index did not predict risk of TB infection but overweight household contacts had significantly decreased risk of TB disease (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.37-0.64; p <0.001) compared to those with normal weight. Among adults, body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2 continued to predict a lower risk of TB disease (HR 0.30; 95% CI 0.12-0.74; p 0.009). We found no association between high body mass index and TB infection or disease among children under 12 years of age.
conclusionsHigh body mass index protects adults against TB disease even at levels ≥ 35 kg/m2. This protective effect does not extend to TB infection and is not seen in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.