ArticlePloS one2016
Marijuana Use Is Associated with Behavioral Approach and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents and Emerging Adults.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Behavioral Sequelae of Cannabis Use in Healthy People: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Nonacute effects of cannabis use on motivation and reward sensitivity in humans: A systematic review.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2018Pooled it
- Parents' Perceptions of What Health Means for Adolescents with Depression-A Qualitative Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Network topology and cannabis use following two weeks of monitored abstinence: moderation of sex and patterns of use findings.Frontiers in adolescent medicine · 2025Article
- Amygdala volume and depression symptoms in young adolescents who use cannabis.Behavioural brain research · 2024Article
- The Effect of Cannabis Use on Depression.Cureus · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of Associations Between Cannabis Use and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young Adults.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Article
- Assessment of Withdrawal, Mood, and Sleep Inventories After Monitored 3-Week Abstinence in Cannabis-Using Adolescents and Young Adults.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Article
- Contextualizing Cannabis Implicit Associations: Consideration of Peers and Personality.Emerging adulthood (Print) · 2022Article
- The Acquired Preparedness Model of Cannabis Use in Emerging Adulthood: Comparing Within-Person and Between-Person Effects.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2022Article
- Relationship between behavioral inhibition and approach motivation systems (BIS/BAS) and intrinsic brain network connectivity in adult cannabis users.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2021Article
- Assessing Aerobic Fitness Level in Relation to Affective and Behavioral Functioning in Emerging Adult Cannabis Users.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2021Article
- Review
- Does Chronic Cannabis Use Impact Risky Decision-Making: An Examination of fMRI Activation and Effective Connectivity?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Article
- An Investigation of Neurochemical Changes in Chronic Cannabis Users.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2019Article
- Selective up-regulation of cannabinoid CBBiochemical pharmacology · 2018Article
- Demographic, physical and mental health assessments in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study: Rationale and description.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2018Review
- Is the History of Substance Abuse Correlated with Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Co-morbid HIV Infection? An Urban Population Study.Journal of neurology and neuroscience · 2018Article
- Changes in marijuana use symptoms and emotional functioning over 28-days of monitored abstinence in adolescent marijuana users.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRepeated CB1 binding due to THC results in downregulation of the endocannabinoid system in cortex and limbic regions, perhaps disrupting frontolimbic functioning. This is particularly a concern in young adults who are still undergoing neurodevelopment in frontal and limbic regions. Such disruptions may be linked to increased depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and executive dysfunction, and decreased behavioral approach.
objectivesHere we examine the influence of young adult marijuana use on anxiety, depressive symptoms, behavioral approach, and executive dysfunction. The influence of alcohol and gender were also assessed.
methods84 participants (42 MJ, 42 controls) aged 18-25 were balanced for gender (39 F). Exclusion criteria included: MRI contraindications, left handed, comorbid Axis-I disorders, major medical or neurologic disorders, prenatal issues, or prenatal alcohol/illicit drug exposure, or excessive other drug use. Participants completed the FrsBE, BIS/BAS, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State), and BDI-II. Multiple regressions were run to predict anxiety, depressive symptoms, behavioral approach, and executive dysfunction from MJ group status, past year alcohol use, gender, and MJ*gender interactions, controlling for cotinine and ecstasy.
resultsMJ group predicted increased depressive symptoms (p =.049). Decreased fun-seeking (p =.04), reward response (p =.01), and BAS total (p =.01) were predicted by MJ group. Gender predicted decreased reward responsiveness in females (p =.049) and decreased BIS in females (p =.03). Female marijuana users had increased anxiety symptoms (p =.04) and increased disinhibition (p =.04). Increased cotinine predicted increased drive (p =.046), reward responsiveness (p =.008) and BAS Total (p =.02). Apathy and Executive Dysfunction were not predicted by any measures. All results had small effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS/IMPORTANCE: Depressive symptoms were greater in MJ users, while behavioral approach was decreased. Cotinine levels predicted increased behavioral approach. Female MJ users also had greater anxiety and disinhibition. In sum, these findings suggest sub-clinical threshold deficits related to regular marijuana use that are indicative of a need to prevent marijuana use in adolescents and young adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.