ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2016
Patterns of Smoking and Snus Use in Sweden: Implications for Public Health.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative disease risks associated with cigarette smoking and use of moist smokeless tobacco and snus: an umbrella review of epidemiological evidence from the United States and Western Europe.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The potential of new nicotine and tobacco products as tools for people who smoke to quit combustible cigarettes - a systematic review of common practices and guidance towards a robust study protocol to measure cessation efficacy.Harm reduction journal · 2024Pooled it
- The health impact of smokeless tobacco products: a systematic review.Harm reduction journal · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Bridging evidence gaps: the role of real-world data in tobacco harm reduction.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Nicotine pouches: an aid in smoking cessation, or a new public health hazard?Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Paternal snus use in puberty and increased risk for asthma and allergies in offspring: a RHINE/RHINESSA two-generation study.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Cross-Sectional Study on Oral Nicotine Product Sales Trends in Scandinavia From 2018 to 2025.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- The potential of smoke-free products to reduce harm for smokers: what does the toxicological evidence say?Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Observational
- If there had been no snus in Sweden: the impact of snus on mortality attributable to smoking.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Is smokeless tobacco a healthier option in patients with AUD? A follow-up study during treatment.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Use of oral moist tobacco (snus) in puberty and its association with asthma in the population-based RHINESSA study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Article
- Six-month mortality has decreased for patients with curative treatment intent for head and neck cancer in Sweden.PloS one · 2024Article
- How do Smokers in a Snus-Prevalent Society Consider E-cigarettes, Snus, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Products as Relevant Replacements for Cigarettes in the Event They Should Stop Smoking?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Classifying European cigarette consumption trajectories from 1970 to 2015.Tobacco control · 2023Article
- Can alternative nicotine products put the final nail in the smoking coffin?Harm reduction journal · 2022Review
- Perceptions and Discussions of Snus on Twitter: Observational Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2022Article
- Impact of stopping smoking on metabolic parameters in diabetes mellitus: A scoping review.World journal of diabetes · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Whole Brain Radiotherapy among Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases in Relation to Health Care Level and Survival.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There has been concern that the availability of alternative less harmful forms of nicotine might inhibit smoking cessation and/or encourage those who would not otherwise have smoked to do so. The plausibility of such effects can be best assessed by looking at population trends in use of smoking in relation to alternatives. This paper looks at the relationships between snus use and smoking in Sweden. Analyses are based on a data set for the period January 2003 to February 2011 from a long-term study covering nationally representative samples of the Swedish population aged 18-79, with a total study population of 60,675 individuals. Questionnaires made it possible to identify detailed tobacco use categories and use trajectories. The results showed that uptake of snus use is much more common in males than females. Those who began daily tobacco use using snus were much less likely to subsequently take up smoking than those who had not, both among males (17.6% vs. 45.9%), and females (8.2% vs. 40.2%). Further, among those who started using snus after starting as smokers, 76.3% of men and 71.6% of women had stopped smoking completely, including 31.5% of the men and 28.6% of the women who had quit all forms of tobacco. Indeed, those who were primary snus users were also more likely to have quit altogether than those who only ever smoked. Snus was also reported as the most common smoking cessation aid among men and yielded higher success rates than nicotine replacement therapy and other alternatives. As conclusions, snus has both contributed to decreasing initiation of smoking and, when used subsequent to smoking, appears to facilitate smoking cessation. All these effects suggest that the availability and use of snus has been a major factor behind Sweden's record-low prevalence of smoking and the lowest level of tobacco-related mortality among men in Europe.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.