ArticleNutrients2016
Prevalence and Characterization of Self-Reported Gluten Sensitivity in The Netherlands.
Article in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- No Difference in Tolerance between Wheat and Spelt Bread in Patients with Suspected Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- The effect of gluten in adolescents and young adults with gastrointestinal symptoms: a blinded randomised cross-over trial.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Psychiatric Symptoms Associated with Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Focused Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Periodontal Status of Patients with Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Living Gluten-Free in Romania: A National Cross-Sectional Study of Dietary Adherence in Clinically Diagnosed and Self-Reported Cases.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Non-Coeliac Wheat Sensitivity: Symptoms in Search of a Mechanism, or a Distinct Well-Defined Clinical Entity? A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Investigating Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology Underlying Clinical Implications.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Micronutrient Deficiencies Associated with a Gluten-Free Diet in Patients with Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten or Wheat Sensitivity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence and characteristics of adults avoiding gluten without celiac disease: a long-term population-based follow-up study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Diet associations in endometriosis: a critical narrative assessment with special reference to gluten.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Does sourdough bread provide clinically relevant health benefits?Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- The Relationship between Gastrointestinal Health, Micronutrient Concentrations, and Autoimmunity: A Focus on the Thyroid.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Frequency and Clinical Aspects of Neurological and Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: An Update.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
- The Level of Processing, Nutritional Composition and Prices of Canadian Packaged Foods and Beverages with and without Gluten-Free Claims.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Non-celiac gluten sensitivity as a rare cause of growth retardation in children: a case series study.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2021Article
- Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity in the Context of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity and Irritable Bowel Disease: Looking for the Culprits.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA growing number of individuals reports symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food in the absence of celiac disease. Yet the actual prevalence is not well established.
methodsBetween April 2015 and March 2016, unselected adults visiting marketplaces, dental practices and a university in The Netherlands were asked to complete a modified validated questionnaire for self-reported gluten sensitivity (srGS).
resultsAmong the 785 adults enquired, two had celiac disease. Forty-nine (6.2%) reported symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food. These individuals were younger, predominantly female and lived more frequently in urban regions compared with the other respondents. Symptoms reported included bloating (74%), abdominal discomfort (49%) and flatulence (47%). A total of 23 (47%) srGS individuals reported having had tried a gluten-free or gluten-restricted diet. Abdominal discomfort related to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP)-containing food was more often reported in srGS individuals compared with the other respondents (73.5% vs. 21.7%,
conclusionSelf-reported GS is common in The Netherlands, especially in younger individuals, females and urban regions, although the prevalence was lower than in a comparable recent UK study. It cannot be excluded that FODMAPs are in part responsible for these symptoms.
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