ArticleJournal of athletic training2016
Upper Quadrant Field Tests and Isokinetic Upper Limb Strength in Overhead Athletes.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Acute Effects of Cryotherapy Duration on Muscle Strength, Flexibility, Endurance and Balance in Healthy Individuals
Effects of Pain Neuroscience Education and Therapeutic Exercise on Pain, Catastrophizing, Kinesiophobia and Upper Limb Function in Patients With Non-specific Neck Pain.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Upper Extremity Return to Sport Functional Testing: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Scapular Stabilization Exercises on Alignment, Joint Position Sense, and Functional Stability of the Upper Limbs in Adolescent Girls with Upper Crossed Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of school health · 2024Trial
- Effects of Thrower's Ten exercises on upper extremity performance: A randomized controlled study.Medicine · 2020Trial
- Acute effects of cryotherapy duration on upper extremity muscle strength, flexibility, endurance, and balance: a randomized trial.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Functional fitness tests and their association with upper-limb isokinetic strength in older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Quantifying the Effects of Detraining on Female Basketball Players Using Physical Fitness Assessment Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nontraumatic Shoulder Pain Affects Proprioception and Dynamic Stability in Female High School Volleyball Players.Journal of athletic training · 2025Article
- Diurnal variation of psychomotor, cognitive and physical performances in schoolchildren: sex comparison.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Power and velocity performance of swing movement in the adolescent male volleyball players - age and positional difference.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Upper limb functional testing in athletes: A Delphi study.Shoulder & elbow · 2024Article
- Inter-limb differences in upper quarter mobility/stability are not associated with performance in competitive swimmers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- How does a motor or cognitive dual-task affect our sense of upper limb proprioception?PloS one · 2024Article
- Upper extremity physical performance tests in female overhead athletes: a test-retest reliability study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Preseason shoulder screening in volleyball players: is there any change during season?JSES international · 2023Article
- Delayed Effect of Dry-Land Strength Training Sessions on Swimming Performance.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2023Article
- The Changing Landscape in Upper Limb Sports Rehabilitation and Injury Prevention.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Reliability of Upper Extremity Functional Performance Tests for the Non-overhead Athlete.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2023Article
- Function, strength, and muscle activation of the shoulder complex in Crossfit practitioners with and without pain: a cross-sectional observational study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Observational
- Article
- Strength Abilities and Serve Reception Efficiency of Youth Female Volleyball Players.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextIsokinetic testing is used to determine possible deficits in upper extremity strength in overhead athletes. Given that isokinetic testing is restricted to a laboratory setting, field tests, such as the Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT) and Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-UQ), were developed to assess upper body performance. The relationships between these field tests and isokinetic strength have not been examined.
objectiveTo investigate the relationship between isokinetic strength testing for shoulder external and internal rotation and elbow flexion and extension and SMBT distance and YBT-UQ performance in overhead athletes.
designCross-sectional study.
settingInstitutional laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsA total of 29 healthy overhead athletes (14 men, 15 women; age = 21.6 ± 2.5 years, height = 177.7 ± 9.7 cm, mass = 70.3 ± 11.5 kg). INTERVENTION(S): A Biodex dynamometer was used to measure the isokinetic strength of the shoulder and elbow muscles. Upper extremity performance was assessed using the SMBT and YBT-UQ. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We used Pearson correlation coefficients and coefficients of determination to analyze the relationship between SMBT and YBT-UQ performance and the isokinetic strength variables.
resultsWe observed moderate to strong correlations between the SMBT and isokinetic shoulder and elbow strength (r range = 0.595-0.855) but no correlations between the YBT-UQ and isokinetic strength variables. The shared variance between these strength variables and the SMBT ranged from 35.4% to 64.5% for shoulder strength and 58.5% to 73.1% for elbow strength.
conclusionsThese findings suggested that the SMBT is a reliable, low-cost, and easy- and quick-to-administer alternative to isokinetic testing for evaluating upper extremity strength in a clinical setting. Performance on the YBT-UQ did not seem to be related to upper limb strength and, therefore, cannot be used for this purpose. Using the YBT-UQ for other purposes may have value.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.