ArticleCurrent neuropharmacology2017
Evolutionary Considerations on the Emerging Subculture of the E-psychonauts and the Novel Psychoactive Substances: A Comeback to the Shamanism?
Article in Current neuropharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Over-the-counter Psychosis: A Systematic Review of the Misuse of Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants and the Risk of Developing Psychosis.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Unveiling the Complexities of Medications, Substance Abuse, and Plants for Recreational and Narcotic Purposes: An In-Depth Analysis.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Solving the Global Opioid Crisis: Incorporating Genetic Addiction Risk Assessment with Personalized Dopaminergic Homeostatic Therapy and Awareness Integration Therapy.Journal of addiction psychiatry · 2024Article
- Futuristic Thinking about Engineering "Geneospirituality" to Help Prevent Relapse of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) Behaviors.EC psychology and psychiatry · 2023Article
- Ethical principles of traditional Indigenous medicine to guide western psychedelic research and practice.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Review
- Review
- Article
- The Psychonauts' Benzodiazepines; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Analysis and Docking Prediction of Their Biological Activity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A qualitative descriptive analysis of effects of psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamines.Human psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Psychedelic Fauna for Psychonaut Hunters: A Mini-Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018Review
- EDITORIAL New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), a New Global Issue: Neuropharmacological, Chemical and Toxicological Aspects.Current neuropharmacologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvolutionary research on drug abuse has hitherto been restricted to proximate studies, considering aetiology, mechanism, and ontogeny. However, in order to explain the recent emergency of a new behavioral pattern (e.g. 'the e-psychonaut style') of novel psychoactive substances' (NPS) intake, a complementary evolutionary model may be needed.
objectiveA range of evolutionary interpretations on the 'psychonaut style' and the recent emergency of NPS were here considered.
methodThe PubMed database was searched in order to elicit evolutionary theory-based documents commenting on NPS/NPS users/e-psychonauts.
resultsThe traditional 'shamanic style' use of entheogens/plant-derived compounds may present with a range of similarities with the 'e-psychonauts' use of mostly of hallucinogen/psychedelic NPS. These users consider themselves as 'new/technological' shamans.
conclusionIndeed, a range of evolutionary mechanisms, such as: optimal foraging, costly signaling, and reproduction at the expense of health may all cooperate to explain the recent spread and diffusion of the NPS market, and this may represent a reason of concern.
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