Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27832169›Full record

ArticlePloS one2016

Honey Bee Viruses in Wild Bees: Viral Prevalence, Loads, and Experimental Inoculation.

Adam G Dolezal, Stephen D Hendrix, Nicole A Scavo, Jimena Carrillo-Tripp, Mary A Harris, M Joseph Wheelock, Matthew E O'Neal, Amy L Toth

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Virus distributions in wild bees are associated with floral communities at local to landscape scales.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Adam G DolezalDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Stephen D HendrixDepartment of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
Nicole A ScavoDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Jimena Carrillo-TrippDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Mary A HarrisDepartment of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
M Joseph WheelockDepartment of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Matthew E O'NealDepartment of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
Amy L TothDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Evidence of inter-species pathogen transmission from managed to wild bees has sparked concern that emerging diseases could be causing or exacerbating wild bee declines. While some pathogens, like RNA viruses, have been found in pollen and wild bees, the threat these viruses pose to wild bees is largely unknown. Here, we tested 169 bees, representing 4 families and 8 genera, for five common honey bee (Apis mellifera) viruses, finding that more than 80% of wild bees harbored at least one virus. We also quantified virus titers in these bees, providing, for the first time, an assessment of viral load in a broad spectrum of wild bees. Although virus detection was very common, virus levels in the wild bees were minimal-similar to or lower than foraging honey bees and substantially lower than honey bees collected from hives. Furthermore, when we experimentally inoculated adults of two different bee species (Megachile rotundata and Colletes inaequalis) with a mixture of common viruses that is lethal to honey bees, we saw no effect on short term survival. Overall, we found that honey bee RNA viruses can be commonly detected at low levels in many wild bee species, but we found no evidence that these pathogens cause elevated short-term mortality effects. However, more work on these viruses is greatly needed to assess effects on additional bee species and life stages.

Indexed as

Viral LoadAnimalsBeesChi-Square DistributionGeographyHost-Pathogen InteractionsInsect VirusesIowaRNA VirusesSpecies Specificity

Identifiers

PMID27832169
PMCPMC5104440

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.