ReviewVaccines2016
Replicon RNA Viral Vectors as Vaccines.
Review in Vaccines, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in immunotherapy for HPV-associated malignancies: emerging strategies and clinical progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for predicting and monitoring the efficacy of cancer vaccines.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Phase 1, open-label, multicenter, dose escalation safety and tolerability study of oncolytic virus OVV-01 in advanced solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Replicon RNA vaccines: design, delivery, and immunogenicity in infectious diseases and cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Advancing the Fight Against Cervical Cancer: The Promise of Therapeutic HPV Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Human papillomavirus vaccine: Success and challenges.Journal of biosciences · 2025Review
- mRNA vaccines transform personalized lung cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Advances and applications of RNA vaccines in tumor treatment.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- mRNA vaccine in cancer therapy: Current advance and future outlook.Clinical and translational medicine · 2023Review
- Cancer vaccine strategies using self-replicating RNA viral platforms.Cancer gene therapy · 2023Review
- Controllable self-replicating RNA vaccine delivered intradermally elicits predominantly cellular immunity.iScience · 2023Article
- Optimization of storage conditions for lipid nanoparticle-formulated self-replicating RNA vaccines.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Article
- Leishmaniasis Vaccines: Applications of RNA Technology and Targeted Clinical Trial Designs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Understanding Immune Responses to Lassa Virus Infection and to Its Candidate Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Review
- The Delivery of mRNA Vaccines for Therapeutics.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Application of mRNA Technology in Cancer Therapeutics.Vaccines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Single-stranded RNA viruses of both positive and negative polarity have been used as vectors for vaccine development. In this context, alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles virus and rhabdoviruses have been engineered for expression of surface protein genes and antigens. Administration of replicon RNA vectors has resulted in strong immune responses and generation of neutralizing antibodies in various animal models. Immunization of mice, chicken, pigs and primates with virus-like particles, naked RNA or layered DNA/RNA plasmids has provided protection against challenges with lethal doses of infectious agents and administered tumor cells. Both prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy has been achieved in cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, recombinant particles and replicon RNAs have been encapsulated by liposomes to improve delivery and targeting. Replicon RNA vectors have also been subjected to clinical trials. Overall, immunization with self-replicating RNA viruses provides high transient expression levels of antigens resulting in generation of neutralizing antibody responses and protection against lethal challenges under safe conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.