Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27827838›Full record

SynthesisNutrients2016

The Proportion of Anemia Associated with Iron Deficiency in Low, Medium, and High Human Development Index Countries: A Systematic Analysis of National Surveys.

Nicolai Petry, Ibironke Olofin, Richard F Hurrell, Erick Boy, James P Wirth, Mourad Moursi, Moira Donahue Angel, Fabian Rohner

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 234 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
234citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
21.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03498755 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

The Invisible Fishers: Empowering and Safeguarding Women in Fisheries Value Chains in Ghana to Reduce Anemia

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MichiganRan2018 to 2019Enrolled120ConditionsAnemiaArmsMobile phone audio messaging, Peer-to-peer learning, Conditional cash transfer, Entrepreneurship training, Market price information
NCT05669209 completednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Etiology and Contributing Factors of Anemia Among Women of Reproductive Age at Kebribeyah District in the Somali Regional State, Ethiopia

TypeobservationalSponsorEthiopian Public Health InstituteRan2022 to 2023Enrolled881ConditionsAnemia
NCT05682261 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Multiple Micronutrient Supplements in Reducing Anemia Among Women of Reproductive Age Compared to Iron-folic Acid at Kebribeyah District in Somali Regional State, Ethiopia- A Community-based Individual Randomized Control Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorEthiopian Public Health InstituteRan2023 to 2023Enrolled265ConditionsAnemiaArmsUNIMMAP-MMS, IFA, Placebo
NCT07014436 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Prospective Cohort Study Evaluating Iron Supplementation in Patients With Altered Iron Status in the Context of Acute Inflammation (CARMI (CARence Martiale & Inflammation))

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity Hospital, GrenobleRan2025 to 2026Enrolled100ConditionsAnemia, Inflammation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

234 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 490 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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174 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Nicolai PetryGroundWork, Fläsch 7306, Switzerland. nico@groundworkhealth.org.
Ibironke OlofinGroundWork, Fläsch 7306, Switzerland. ioo523@mail.harvard.edu.
Richard F HurrellLaboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland. richard.hurrell@hest.ethz.ch.
Erick BoyHarvest Plus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20006, USA. E.Boy@cgiar.org.
James P WirthGroundWork, Fläsch 7306, Switzerland. james@groundworkhealth.org.
Mourad MoursiHarvest Plus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20006, USA. m.moursi@cgiar.org.
Moira Donahue AngelHarvest Plus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20006, USA. m.angel@cgiar.org.
Fabian RohnerGroundWork, Fläsch 7306, Switzerland. fabian@groundworkhealth.org.
International Food Policy Research Institute · USETH Zurich · CHHarvard University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron deficiency is commonly assumed to cause half of all cases of anemias, with hereditary blood disorders and infections such as hookworm and malaria being the other major causes. In countries ranked as low, medium, and high by the Human Development Index, we conducted a systematic review of nationally representative surveys that reported the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, and anemia among pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Using random effects meta-analyses techniques, data from 23 countries for pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age was pooled, and the proportion of anemia attributable to iron deficiency was estimated by region, inflammation exposure, anemia prevalence, and urban/rural setting. For pre-school children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age, the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was 25.0% (95% CI: 18.0, 32.0) and 37.0% (95% CI: 28.0, 46.0), respectively. The proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency was lower in countries where anemia prevalence was >40%, especially in rural populations (14% for pre-school children; 16% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age), and in countries with very high inflammation exposure (20% for pre-school children; 25% for non-pregnant women of reproductive age). Despite large heterogeneity, our analyses suggest that the proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency is lower than the previously assumed 50% in countries with low, medium, or high Human Development Index ranking. Anemia-reduction strategies and programs should be based on an analysis of country-specific data, as iron deficiency may not always be the key determinant of anemia.

Indexed as

Developed CountriesDeveloping CountriesAdolescentAdultAge DistributionAnemia, Iron-DeficiencyBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHealth StatusHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInflammationIronBiomarkersIronanemiadeterminants of anemiairon deficiencyiron deficiency anemia

Identifiers

PMID27827838
PMCPMC5133080
OpenAlexW2546882876

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.