ArticlePediatric cardiology2017
Safety of Enalapril in Infants Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Very low enalapril and enalaprilat exposureFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Dosing trajectories of antihypertensive agents among preterm neonates: A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs in neonatal intensive care units: results of a Spanish and Italian survey.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Review
- Identifying novel candidate compounds for therapeutic strategies in retinopathy of prematurity via computational drug-gene association analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Neonatal hypertension: concerns within and beyond the neonatal intensive care unit.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2022Article
- Systemic Hypertension in Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.Current hypertension reports · 2022Review
- When should we start and stop ACEi/ARB in paediatric chronic kidney disease?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Association between neonatal intensive care unit medication safety practices, adverse events, and death.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Enalapril and Acute Kidney Injury in a Hypertensive Premature Newborn - Should It Be Used or Not?The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2021Article
- Anuria in neonatal intensive care: Answers.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Article
- Antihypertensive agents: a long way to safe drug prescribing in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Enalapril inhibits inflammatory osteolysis induced by wear debris in a mouse model.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- Hypertensive crisis in children and adolescents.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Review
- Nicardipine for the Treatment of Neonatal Hypertension During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.Pediatric cardiology · 2019Article
- Neonatal hypertension: cases, causes, and clinical approach.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Review
- Furosemide Exposure and Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants.The Journal of pediatrics · 2019Article
- Characteristics of prescription in 29 Level 3 Neonatal Wards over a 2-year period (2017-2018). An inventory for future research.PloS one · 2019Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Enalapril is used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure in infants. However, enalapril is not labeled for neonates, and safety data in infants are sparse. To evaluate the safety of enalapril in young infants, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants who were exposed to enalapril in the first 120 days of life and were cared for in 348 neonatal intensive care units from 1997 to 2012. We determined the proportion of exposed infants who developed adverse events, including death, hypotension requiring pressors, hyperkalemia, and elevated serum creatinine. Using multivariable logistic regression, we examined risk factors for adverse events, including postnatal age at first exposure, exposure duration, gestational age group, small for gestational age status, race, sex, 5-min Apgar score, and inborn status. Of a cohort of 887,910 infants, 662 infants (0.07%) were exposed to enalapril. Among exposed infants, 142 infants (21%) suffered an adverse event. The most common adverse event was hyperkalemia (13%), followed by elevated serum creatinine (5%), hypotension (4%), and death (0.5%). Significant risk factors for adverse events included postnatal age <30 days at first exposure and longer exposure duration. This study is the largest to date examining the safety of enalapril in young term and preterm infants without significant structural cardiac disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.