ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2016
Perceived Neighborhood Safety Better Predicts Risk of Mortality for Whites than Blacks.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Residential Segregation, Perceived Neighborhood Environment, and All-Cause Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Older Chinese Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Article
- The intersection of neighborhood and race in urban adolescent health risk behaviors.Journal of community psychology · 2023Article
- Association of socioeconomic status with arterial stiffness in older African American and White adults: The ARIC study cohort.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health in US Adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999 to 2014.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Parents' Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Children's Cognitive Performance: Complexities by Race, Ethnicity, and Cognitive Domain.Urban science (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Active Aging through Volunteerism: A Longitudinal Assessment of Perceived Neighborhood Safety as a Predictor among Older Adults, 2008-2018.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Family Income and Gang Presence in the Neighborhood: Diminished Returns of Black Families.Urban science (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Race, Educational Attainment, and E-Cigarette Use.Journal of medical research and innovation · 2020Article
- Higher Educational Attainment is Associated with Lower Risk of a Future Suicide Attempt Among Non-Hispanic Whites but not Non-Hispanic Blacks.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Article
- Baseline Obesity Increases 25-Year Risk of Mortality due to Cerebrovascular Disease: Role of Race.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Health Insurance Coverage Better Protects Blacks than Whites against Incident Chronic Disease.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Education Attainment and Obesity：Differential Returns Based on Sexual Orientation.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Parental Educational Attainment and Academic Performance of American College Students; Blacks' Diminished Returns.Journal of health economics and development · 2019Article
- Subjective financial status and suicidal ideation among American college students: Racial differences.Archives of general internal medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Family Structure and Subsequent Anxiety Symptoms; Minorities' Diminished Return.Brain sciences · 2018Article
- Income and Self-Rated Mental Health: Diminished Returns for High Income Black Americans.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Self-Rated Oral Health; Diminished Return among Hispanic Whites.Dentistry journal · 2018Article
- Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- High Income Protects Whites but Not African Americans against Risk of Depression.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
aimThe current study had two aims: (1) to investigate whether single-item measures of subjective evaluation of neighborhood (i.e., perceived neighborhood safety and quality) predict long-term risk of mortality and (2) to test whether these associations depend on race and gender.
methodsThe data came from the Americans' Changing Lives Study (ACL), 1986-2011, a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of 3361 Black and White adults in the USA. The main predictors of interest were perceived neighborhood safety and perceived neighborhood quality, as measured in 1986 using single items and treated as dichotomous variables. Mortality due to all internal and external causes was the main outcome. Confounders included baseline age, socioeconomic status (education, income), health behaviors (smoking, drinking, and exercise), and health (chronic medical conditions, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms). Race and gender were focal effect modifiers. Cox proportional hazard models were ran in the pooled sample and stratified by race and gender.
resultsIn the pooled sample, low perceived neighborhood safety and quality predicted increased risk of mortality due to all causes as well as internal causes, net of all covariates. Significant interaction was found between race and perceived neighborhood safety on all-cause mortality, indicating a stronger association for Whites compared to Blacks. Race did not interact with perceived neighborhood quality on mortality. Gender also did not interact with perceived neighborhood safety or quality on mortality. Perceived neighborhood safety and quality were not associated with mortality due to external causes.
conclusionFindings suggest that single items are appropriate for the measurement of perceived neighborhood safety and quality. Our results also suggest that perceived neighborhood safety better predicts increased risk of mortality over the course of 25 years among Whites than Blacks.
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