ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
One low-dose exposure of gold nanoparticles induces long-term changes in human cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Analyzing Molecular Determinants of Nanodrugs' Cytotoxic Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Closing the gap in aging science: unlocking the potential of nanoparticles in senescence therapy.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- pH-Dependent Silica Nanoshell Degradation Influences SERRS Enhancement in Biological Environments.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- Colloidal Gold Dietary Supplements as Nanomaterials: Physicochemical Evaluation, Estimated Oral Exposure, and Preliminary Biological Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Long-term exposure to nanoparticles alters senescence-associated markers and immune responses in human monocyte-derived macrophages.Nanoscale · 2026Article
- Core-Shell Plasmonic Nanocomposites with Synergistic Photothermal and Photochemical Activity for Biomedical Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Multiphoton Luminescence Imaging: A Label-Free Tool for Visualizing the Long-Term Fate of Gold Nanoparticles in Tissue.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Gold nanoparticles modulate macrophage polarization to promote skeletal muscle regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Exploring the Potential of Gold Nanoparticles in Proton Therapy: Mechanisms, Advances, and Clinical Horizons.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Nano-Biosensors for mRNA-Based Cell Sorting Using Intracellular Markers at the Early Stage of Cell Reprogramming.Advanced functional materials · 2025Article
- Comprehensive insights into mechanism of nanotoxicity, assessment methods and regulatory challenges of nanomedicines.Discover nano · 2024Review
- Leveraging Tunable Nanoparticle Surface Functionalization to Alter Cellular Migration.ACS nanoscience Au · 2024Article
- Surface ligand-regulated renal clearance of MRI/SPECT dual-modality nanoprobes for tumor imaging.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Phenotypic targeting using magnetic nanoparticles for rapid characterization of cellular proliferation regulators.Science advances · 2024Article
- Review of Biosensors Based on Plasmonic-Enhanced Processes in the Metallic and Meta-Material-Supported Nanostructures.Micromachines · 2024Review
- The Impact of Nanomedicine on Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treated by Radiotherapy and/or Hyperthermia: A Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Suppress the Proliferation of Human Lung Alveolar Adenocarcinoma Cells by Deubiquitinating Enzymes Inhibition.ACS omega · 2023Article
- A sub-10-nm, folic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticle as self-therapeutic treatment of tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Assessment of the potential cerebellar toxicity of gold nanoparticles on the structure and function of adult male albino rats.Bioscience reports · 2023Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report the in vitro long-term (20 wk) changes in cells exposed to well-characterized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with varying shapes and surface coatings under both chronic (exposure to Au NPs continuously over 20 wk) and nonchronic (initial acute cell exposure to Au NPs, followed by 20 wk in NP-free cell media) conditions. Both chronic and nonchronic Au NPs exposures at low dose induce modifications at the gene level after long periods. In attempt to overcome from the injuries caused by nanoparticle exposure, genes related to oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, and inflammation are among those presenting differential expression levels. Surprisingly, the nonchronic exposure induced more gene expression changes than its chronic counterpart and the stress effects caused by this type of exposure were sustained even after 20 wk without any additional NP exposure. NP surface chemistry played an important role in the alteration of gene regulation. Overall, our data suggest that (i) cells can adaptively respond to chronic, low-level NP insults; (ii) the cell stress response is not reversible over time upon removal of NPs upon acute, nonchronic exposure; and (iii) polyethylene glycol is not as benign a surface chemistry as is generally supposed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.