Observational studyBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2016
International standards for symphysis-fundal height based on serial measurements from the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project: prospective cohort study in eight countries.
Observational study in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05043753 (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Modena Policlinico Hospital Vial Del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Modena Policlinico Hospital Vial Del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Second and third trimester estimation of gestational age using ultrasound or maternal symphysis-fundal height measurements: A systematic review.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The development of an alternative growth chart for estimated fetal weight in the absence of ultrasound: Application in Indonesia.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Multi-Omics for Mothers and Infants (MOMI) Consortium: a global initiative to study adverse pregnancy outcomes.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Lecturers' perceptions on student midwives' competence in symphysis fundal height measurement.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Article
- Observational
- Etiologically Based Functional Taxonomy of the Preterm Birth Syndrome.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Associations between maternal dietary intake and nutritional status with fetal growth at 14 to 26 weeks gestation: a cross- sectional study.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Observational
- Integrated growth assessment in the first 1000 d of life: an interdisciplinary conceptual framework.Public health nutrition · 2023Review
- Insights into Prevention of Health Complications in Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Births in Relation to Maternal Characteristics: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- PAPP-A as a screening tool for assessment of gestational age before medication abortion in an intended-use population.Biomarkers in medicine · 2023Article
- Risk factor-based screening compared to universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in marginalized Burman and Karen populations on the Thailand-Myanmar border: An observational cohort.Wellcome open research · 2022Article
- Dynamic prediction model of fetal growth restriction based on support vector machine and logistic regression algorithm.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Simplified models to assess newborn gestational age in low-middle income countries: findings from a multicountry, prospective cohort study.BMJ global health · 2021Article
- Widespread implementation of a low-cost telehealth service in the delivery of antenatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Article
- Retrospective validation study of miniPIERS prediction model in Zanzibar.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2021Article
- INTERGROWTH-21 Identifies High Prevalence of Low Symphysis-Fundal Height in Indigenous Pregnant Women Experiencing Multiple Infections, Nutrient Deficiencies, and Inflammation: The Maternal Infections, Nutrient Deficiencies, and Inflammation (MINDI) Cohort.Current developments in nutrition · 2021Article
- FIGO (international Federation of Gynecology and obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2021Article
- Fetal growth velocity standards from the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study of the INTERGROWTH-21American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo create international symphysis-fundal height standards derived from pregnancies of healthy women with good maternal and perinatal outcomes.
designProspective longitudinal observational study.
settingEight geographically diverse urban regions in Brazil, China, India, Italy, Kenya, Oman, United Kingdom, and United States.
participantsHealthy, well nourished pregnant women enrolled into the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study component of the INTERGROWTH-21
main outcome measuresSymphysis-fundal height was measured every five weeks from 14 weeks' gestation until birth using standardised methods and dedicated research staff who were blinded to the symphysis-fundal height measurements by turning the tape measure so that numbers were not visible during examination. The best fitting curve was selected using second degree fractional polynomials and further modelled in a multilevel framework to account for the longitudinal design of the study.
resultsOf 13 108 women screened in the first trimester, 4607 (35.1%) met the study entry criteria. Of the eligible women, 4321 (93.8%) had pregnancies without major complications and delivered live singletons without congenital malformations. The median number of symphysis-fundal height measurements was 5.0 (range 1-7); 3976 (92.0%) women had four or more measurements. Symphysis-fundal height measurements increased almost linearly with gestational age; data were used to determine fitted 3rd, 50th, and 97th centile curves, which showed excellent agreement with observed values.
conclusionsThis study presents international standards to measure symphysis-fundal height as a first level screening tool for fetal growth disturbances.
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