ArticlePloS one2016
Increased Lytic Efficiency of Bovine Macrophages Trained with Killed Mycobacteria.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune responses of Bos indicus versus Bos taurus cattle towards Bluetongue virus or Schmallenberg virus differ significantly.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Phagocytosis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immune Responsiveness Induced by Administration of Heat-Inactivated M. bovis and BCG Prior to Experimental Infection in African Buffalo.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Differences in local immune response of bait Mycobacterium bovis heat-inactivated vaccinated badgers showing exacerbated tuberculous lesions after challenge.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Non-specific effects of inactivated Mycobacterium bovis oral and parenteral treatment in a rabbit scabies model.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Control ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Evaluation ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- The Upregulation ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Non-classical monocytes contribute to innate immune training in cattle.Innate immunity · 2022Article
- Nonspecific protection of heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis against Salmonella Choleraesuis infection in pigs.Veterinary research · 2022Article
- A Recombinant BCG Vaccine Is Safe and Immunogenic in Neonatal Calves and Reduces the Clinical Disease Caused by the Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Training of Primary Chicken Monocytes Results in Enhanced Pro-Inflammatory Responses.Veterinary sciences · 2020Article
- Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Innate Immunomodulation in Food Animals: Evidence for Trained Immunity?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Oral Vaccination With a Formulation CombiningFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Immune response profiles of calves following vaccination with live BCG and inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine candidates.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Innate immunity is evolutionarily conserved in multicellular organisms and was considered to lack memory until very recently. One of its more characteristic mechanisms is phagocytosis, the ability of cells to engulf, process and eventually destroy any injuring agent. We report the results of an ex vivo experiment in bovine macrophages in which improved clearance of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) was induced by pre-exposure to a heat killed M. bovis preparation. The effects were independent of humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses and lasted up to six months. Specifically, our results demonstrate the existence of a training effect in the lytic phase of phagocytosis that can be activated by killed mycobacteria, thus suggesting a new mechanism of vaccine protection. These findings are compatible with the recently proposed concept of trained immunity, which was developed to explain the observation that innate immune responses provide unspecific protection against pathogens including other than those that originally triggered the immune response.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.