ArticleJournal of abnormal psychology2016
External validity of a hierarchical dimensional model of child and adolescent psychopathology: Tests using confirmatory factor analyses and multivariate behavior genetic analyses.
Article in Journal of abnormal psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Developmentally Informed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Strength of General Psychopathology in Childhood and Adolescence.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- The role of early intervention for adolescent mental health and polydrug use: Cascading mediation through childhood growth in the general psychopathology (p) factor.Developmental psychology · 2023Trial
- Acceptability and Outcomes of the Cool Little Kids Parenting Group Program for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Families Within an Australian Population-Based Study.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Trial
- Toward precision therapeutics: general and specific factors differentiate symptom change in depressed adolescents.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2020Trial
- Untangling relationships between cognitive development and child and adolescent mental health: Findings from the ABCD Study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Review
- Disentangling shared and unique effects of parenting on psychopathology: Evidence from two prospective, genetically sensitive cohort studies.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Self-esteem and inner strengths: a network study in Thai university students with borderline personality disorder symptoms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Testing gender differences in psychological adjustment among early adolescents though a multigroup analysis of latent profiles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- On the psychometric properties and genomic etiology of the general factor of psychopathology.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- The etiological relationship between the general factors of psychopathology and personality; a longitudinal twin study from adolescence into young adulthood.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Where does attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder fit in the psychopathology hierarchy? A symptom-focused analysis.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2024Article
- Age-Related Variations of Genetic and Environmental Contributions to the Covariation of Fear, Distress and Externalizing Symptoms: A Twin Study in Childhood and Adolescence.Child psychiatry and human development · 2024Article
- Exploring the genetic etiology across the continuum of the general psychopathology factor: a Swedish population-based family and twin study.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Examining Differences in the Genetic and Functional Architecture of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosed in Childhood and Adulthood.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Identifying the 'active ingredients' of socioeconomic disadvantage for youth outcomes in middle childhood.Development and psychopathology · 2024Article
- Examining associations between genetic and neural risk for externalizing behaviors in adolescence and early adulthood.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Genetic architecture of ADHD and overlap with other psychiatric disorders and cognition-related phenotypes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- The P3 ERP in Relation to General Versus Specific Psychopathology in Early Childhood.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- GeneralPsychological medicine · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Several recent studies of the hierarchical phenotypic structure of psychopathology have identified a General psychopathology factor in addition to the more expected specific Externalizing and Internalizing dimensions in both youth and adult samples and some have found relevant unique external correlates of this General factor. We used data from 1,568 twin pairs (599 MZ & 969 DZ) age 9 to 17 to test hypotheses for the underlying structure of youth psychopathology and the external validity of the higher-order factors. Psychopathology symptoms were assessed via structured interviews of caretakers and youth. We conducted phenotypic analyses of competing structural models using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and used Structural Equation Modeling and multivariate behavior genetic analyses to understand the etiology of the higher-order factors and their external validity. We found that both a General factor and specific Externalizing and Internalizing dimensions are necessary for characterizing youth psychopathology at both the phenotypic and etiologic levels, and that the 3 higher-order factors differed substantially in the magnitudes of their underlying genetic and environmental influences. Phenotypically, the specific Externalizing and Internalizing dimensions were slightly negatively correlated when a General factor was included, which reflected a significant inverse correlation between the nonshared environmental (but not genetic) influences on Internalizing and Externalizing. We estimated heritability of the general factor of psychopathology for the first time. Its moderate heritability suggests that it is not merely an artifact of measurement error but a valid construct. The General, Externalizing, and Internalizing factors differed in their relations with 3 external validity criteria: mother's smoking during pregnancy, parent's harsh discipline, and the youth's association with delinquent peers. Multivariate behavior genetic analyses supported the external validity of the 3 higher-order factors by suggesting that the General, Externalizing, and Internalizing factors were correlated with peer delinquency and parent's harsh discipline for different etiologic reasons. (PsycINFO Database Record
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