ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2016
Update on occult hepatitis B virus infection.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence in Morocco (2000-2024): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Healthcare-associated hepatitis B and C transmission to patients in the EU/EEA and UK: a systematic review of reported outbreaks between 2006 and 2021.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Association between the interferon-γ +874T/A polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus infection: a meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Pooled it
- Occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors from Yaoundé, Cameroon.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2019Trial
- Genetic Diversity, Occult Hepatitis B, and Mutational Signatures in Migrants from Regions with Varying HBV Endemicity: Importation of Diverse Viral Variants into St. Petersburg, Russia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hepatitis B surface antigen negative vaccinated healthcare workers in East Gojjam zone hospitals.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of hepatitis B virus surface antigen mutations in the major hydrophilic region on antigen detectability.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Implications of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Blood Donors in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Hepatitis E genotype 3 among liver disease patients in Southwestern Nigeria.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Guhala Primary Hospital, Northwestern Ethiopia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Performance Evaluation of an Improved HBsAg Assay (HBsAg NEXT) for the Detection of HBsAg Levels.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2023Article
- Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the Gambian population: A narrative review of recent developments.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Review
- Rate of occult hepatitis B virus infection among individuals with tuberculosis in northeastern Iran: A molecular epidemiological study.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Article
- Article
- The Role of Red Cell Distribution Width as a Prognostic Marker in Chronic Liver Disease: A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Control of occult hepatitis B virus infection.Advances in laboratory medicine · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The event of mutations in the surface antigen gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) results in undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen with positive/negative anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antibody status in serum and this phenomenon is named occult hepatitis B infection (OBI). The presence of anti-HBc antibody in serum is an important key for OBI tracking, although about 20% of OBI cases are negative for anti-HBc antibody. The diagnosis of OBI is mainly based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR assays. However, real-time PCR is a more reliable method than PCR. OBI is a great issue for the public health problem and a challenge for the clinical entity worldwide. The persistence of OBI may lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. With regard to OBI complications, the screening of HBV DNA by the highly sensitive molecular means should be implemented for: (1) patients with a previous history of chronic or acute HBV infection; (2) patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus/human immunodeficiency virus; (3) patients undergoing chemotherapy or anti-CD20 therapy; (4) recipients of organ transplant; (5) blood donors; (6) organ transplant donors; (7) thalassemia and hemophilia patients; (8) health care workers; (9) patients with liver related disease (cryptogenic); (10) hemodialysis patients; (11) patients undergoing lamivudine or interferon therapy; and (12) children in time of HBV vaccination especially in highly endemic areas of HBV. Active HBV vaccination should be implemented for the close relatives of patients who are negative for OBI markers. Thus, the goal of this review is to evaluate the rate of OBI with a focus on status of high risk groups in different regions of the world.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.