Trial reportJournal of hepatology2017
Tremelimumab in combination with ablation in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Trial report in Journal of hepatology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 501 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Study of Tremelimumab - A Monoclonal Antibody Against CTLA-4 in Combination With Trans-Arterial Catheter Chemoembolization (TACE), Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), or Cryoablation in Subjects With Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) or Biliary Tract Carcinomas (BTC)
Perioperative Therapy With Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab for Patients With Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) - A Phase II Trial (NEOTOMA)
Pilot Study of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab With Response-adapted Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Followed by Definitive Resection for Patients With Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Cancer
Who cites it
501 citing papers in PubMed, 807 citations in OpenAlex.
- TACE plus lenvatinib and envafolimab for conversion therapy in unresectable HCC: a prospective pilot study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Perioperative Tislelizumab plus intensity modulated radiotherapy in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion: a phase II trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Immunotherapy for virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: recent progress and future directions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma: molecular mechanisms, physiology, and therapies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Comparing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors with and without microwave ablation in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in real-world clinical practice: A retrospective cohort study.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Potentiation of the altered immune microenvironment following RF ablation of murine distant tumors with CTLA-4 immunotherapy.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Targeting SMYD2 improves immunotherapy response in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Shrinking Giants: On the Feasibility of Downsizing Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Immunotherapy Prior to Liver Transplantation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- MVI-targeted carbon-ion radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Phase Ib DEPARTURE trial.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Article
- The State of the Art in Combination Locoregional and Systemic Treatment Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Advancements and Future Horizons.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: translating mechanistic insights into clinical advances.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- <p>Converting 'cold' to 'hot' hepatocellular carcinoma for improved immunotherapy (Review)</p>.Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-guided ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: a review of its past, present, and future.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- The disguised liver abscess closely resembled diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: a case description and literature analysis.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Interleukin-6/interleukin-10 ratio and immune dysregulation after radiofrequency ablation.World journal of hepatology · 2026Article
- Advancements in intratumoral therapies for liver tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and translational strategies.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Review
- Synergistic Strategies in Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2026Review
441 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsTremelimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) on the surface of activated T lymphocytes. Ablative therapies induce a peripheral immune response which may enhance the effect of anti-CTLA4 treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to demonstrate whether tremelimumab could be combined safely and feasibly with ablation.
methodsThirty-two patients with HCC were enrolled: male:female: 28:4; median age: 62 (range 36-76). Patients were given tremelimumab at two dose levels (3.5 and 10mg/kg i.v.) every 4weeks for 6 doses, followed by 3-monthly infusions until off-treatment criteria were met. On day 36, patients underwent subtotal radiofrequency ablation or chemoablation. Staging was performed by contrast-enhanced CT or MRI scan every 8weeks.
resultsNo dose-limiting toxicities were encountered. The most common toxicity was pruritus. Of the 19 evaluable patients, five (26.3%; 95% CI: 9.1-51.2%) achieved a confirmed partial response. Twelve of 14 patients with quantifiable HCV experienced a marked reduction in viral load. Six-week tumor biopsies showed a clear increase in CD8
conclusionsTremelimumab in combination with tumor ablation is a potential new treatment for patients with advanced HCC, and leads to the accumulation of intratumoral CD8 LAY SUMMARY: Studies have shown that the killing of tumors by direct methods (known as ablation) can result in the immune system being activated or switched on. The immune system could potentially also recognize and kill the cancer that is left behind. There are new drugs available known as immune checkpoint inhibitors which could enhance this effect. Here, we test one of these drugs (tremelimumab) together with ablation. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01853618.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.