SynthesisBMC cancer2016
Temporal trends in the risk of developing multiple primary cancers: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subsequent primary cancer incidence among cancer survivors in the United States, 1975-2019: An age-period-cohort analysis.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Rising Risk of Subsequent Primary Cancers Among US Cancer Survivors, 2000-2021.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Incidence, Risk and Trends of Multiple Primary Cancers in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: Evidence From the South Australian Cancer Registry.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Providing Suggested Rules for Multiple Primary Cancer Recording, Coding and Registering in Population-based Cancer Registry.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- Survival of cancer survivors with a new pancreatic cancer diagnosis.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Potential Impact of Revised NCI Eligibility Criteria Guidance: Prior Malignancy Exclusion in Breast Cancer Clinical Trials.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2022Article
- Second primary cancers: a retrospective analysis of real world data using the enhanced medical research engine ConSoRe in a French comprehensive cancer center.International journal of clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Survival of patients newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer and with a history of previous cancer.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Survival of women diagnosed with breast cancer and who have survived a previous cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Population-based risk assessment of second primary cancers following a first head and neck cancer: patterns of association and difficulties of its analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2021Article
- Risk of second primary cancers in individuals diagnosed with index smoking- and non-smoking- related cancers.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2020Article
- The relative risk of second primary cancers in Switzerland: a population-based retrospective cohort study.BMC cancer · 2020Article
- A case report of cholangiocarcinoma combined with moderately differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma.Medicine · 2019Article
- Synchronous primary sigmoid colon cancer and primary thyroid cancer followed by a malignant tumor of the kidney: Case report of multiple primary cancer and review of the literature.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Second Primary Malignancies in Patients with Well-differentiated/Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma.Anticancer research · 2018Article
- A case of multiple myeloma and synchronous liposarcoma.Hematology, transfusion and cell therapyArticle
- Clinicopathological Characteristics of Multiple Primary Malignancies Involving Female Genital Tract at a Tertiary Cancer Institute of Northeast India.Journal of mid-life healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCancer survivors are at risk of developing second and subsequent primary cancers, referred to as multiple primary cancers (MPCs). It is not clear whether the risk of MPCs has increased over recent decades, but increasing use of radiological imaging and potentially harmful effects of certain cancer treatments raise this possibility. A systematic review was undertaken to assess whether there has been a temporal change in the risk of developing MPCs.
methodsA systematic search to identify population-based studies of MPCs was performed in Medline/PubMed and Embase databases from inception to August 2016. Included studies were those reporting risk of MPCs for all sites combined following a first cancer at any site or a specific site, using standard incidence ratios (SIRs) or equivalent, and with analysis stratified by calendar years.
resultsWe identified 28 articles eligible for inclusion, comprising 26 population-based studies and two monographs. MPC incidence was reported in nearly 6.5 million cancer survivors. For all first cancer sites combined, a higher rate of MPCs was reported in more recent than earlier calendar periods in four of the six relevant studies. The SIRs ranged from 1.14 for a first cancer diagnosis in the early 1980s to 1.21-1.46 in the late 1990s in the USA and Australia. Two studies from Italy and France showed no significant difference in SIRs across time periods 1978-2010 and 1989-2004. The remaining 22 studies reported various temporal trends in the risk of developing MPCs after a first cancer at a specific site, but most showed little change.
conclusionOverall, the risk of developing MPCs appears to have increased since the 1980s when considering studies of all primary cancer sites combined from the USA and Australia but not from Europe. With the introduction of more routine nuclear medical imaging over the last 15 years, more studies are needed to confirm recent trends of MPC risk in adult cancer survivors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.