ArticlePloS one2016
Enterovirus D-68 Infection, Prophylaxis, and Vaccination in a Novel Permissive Animal Model, the Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hispidus).
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progress in enterovirus D68-neutralizing antibodies and vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Review
- Respiratory infection with Enterovirus D68 induces severe acute lung inflammation in the pediatric ferret model.iScience · 2025Article
- Advances in the Treatment of Enterovirus-D68 and Rhinovirus Respiratory Infections.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Enterovirus D68 infection in cotton rats results in systemic inflammation with detectable viremia associated with extracellular vesicle and neurologic disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Emerging Therapeutics in the Fight Against EV-D68: A Review of Current Strategies.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Review
- Characterization of Effect of Enterovirus D68 in 129/Sv Mice Deficient in IFN-α/β and/or IFN-γ Receptors.Comparative medicine · 2024Article
- Enterovirus-D68 - A Reemerging Non-Polio Enterovirus that Causes Severe Respiratory and Neurological Disease in Children.Frontiers in virology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Picornaviridae Family: Knowledge Gaps, Animal Models, Countermeasures, and Prototype Pathogens.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) Infection and MPV467 Treatment in Immunocompromised Cotton RatsViruses · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection augments species- and age-specific predispositions in cotton rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Species-specific transcriptomic changes upon respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Animal Models of Enterovirus D68 Infection and Disease.Journal of virology · 2022Review
- The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection.Virulence · 2021Review
- Microbial community structure and composition is associated with host species and sex in Sigmodon cotton rats.Animal microbiome · 2021Article
- Human antibodies neutralize enterovirus D68 and protect against infection and paralytic disease.Science immunology · 2020Article
- Article
- Development of a respiratory disease model for enterovirus D68 in 4-week-old mice for evaluation of antiviral therapies.Antiviral research · 2019Article
- Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in detection of Enterovirus D-68 (EV-D68) among patients with severe respiratory infections worldwide. EV-D68 is now recognized as a re-emerging pathogen; however, due to lack of a permissive animal model for EV-D68, a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and immune response against EV-D68 has been hampered. Recently, it was shown that EV-D68 has a strong affinity for α2,6-linked sialic acids (SAs) and we have shown previously that α2,6-linked SAs are abundantly present in the respiratory tract of cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus). Thus, we hypothesized that cotton rats could be a potential model for EV-D68 infection. Here, we evaluated the ability of two recently isolated EV-D68 strains (VANBT/1 and MO/14/49), along with the historical prototype Fermon strain (ATCC), to infect cotton rats. We found that cotton rats are permissive to EV-D68 infection without virus adaptation. The different strains of EV-D68 showed variable infection profiles and the ability to produce neutralizing antibody (NA) upon intranasal infection or intramuscular immunization. Infection with the VANBT/1 resulted in significant induction of pulmonary cytokine gene expression and lung pathology. Intramuscular immunization with live VANBT/1 or MO/14/49 induced strong homologous antibody responses, but a moderate heterologous NA response. We showed that passive prophylactic administration of serum with high content of NA against VANBT/1 resulted in an efficient antiviral therapy. VANBT/1-immunized animals showed complete protection from VANBT/1 challenge, but induced strong pulmonary Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses and enhanced lung pathology, indicating the generation of exacerbated immune response by immunization. In conclusion, our data illustrate that the cotton rat is a powerful animal model that provides an experimental platform to investigate pathogenesis, immune response, anti-viral therapies and vaccines against EV-D68 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.