ArticlePLoS pathogens2016
HIV Cell-to-Cell Spread Results in Earlier Onset of Viral Gene Expression by Multiple Infections per Cell.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Versatile HIV Rev-dependent reporter cell system for stringent and sensitive quantification of viral reservoirs, neutralizing antibodies, and restriction factors.Retrovirology · 2026Article
- A Darwinian model for the evolution of drug resistance to long-acting PrEP during an early HIV infection.PloS one · 2026Article
- Versatile HIV Rev-dependent reporter cell system for stringent and sensitive quantification of viral reservoirs, neutralizing antibodies, and restriction factors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 within-host persistence.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Role of Rab13, Protein Kinase A, and Zonula Occludens-1 in Hepatitis E Virus Entry and Cell-to-Cell Spread: Comparative Analysis of Quasi-Enveloped and Non-Enveloped Forms.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- HIV-1 virological synapse formation enhances infection spread by dysregulating Aurora Kinase B.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Beneficial effects of cellular coinfection resolve inefficiency in influenza A virus transcription.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Review
- A Replication-Competent HIV Clone Carrying GFP-Env Reveals Rapid Env Recycling at the HIV-1 T Cell Virological Synapse.Viruses · 2021Article
- T cell derived HIV-1 is present in the CSF in the face of suppressive antiretroviral therapy.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Rapid and Efficient Cell-to-Cell Transmission of Avian Influenza H5N1 Virus in MDCK Cells Is Achieved by Trogocytosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Experimental Evolution Reveals a Genetic Basis for Membrane-Associated Virus Release.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Article
- Cooperative nature of viral replication.Science advances · 2020Article
- Collective interactions augment influenza A virus replication in a host-dependent manner.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Interference with HIV infection of the first cell is essential for viral clearance at sub-optimal levels of drug inhibition.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Article
- Viral cell-to-cell spread: Conventional and non-conventional ways.Advances in virus research · 2020Review
- Membrane-Associated Enteroviruses Undergo Intercellular Transmission as Pools of Sibling Viral Genomes.Cell reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell-to-cell spread of HIV, a directed mode of viral transmission, has been observed to be more rapid than cell-free infection. However, a mechanism for earlier onset of viral gene expression in cell-to-cell spread was previously uncharacterized. Here we used time-lapse microscopy combined with automated image analysis to quantify the timing of the onset of HIV gene expression in a fluorescent reporter cell line, as well as single cell staining for infection over time in primary cells. We compared cell-to-cell spread of HIV to cell-free infection, and limited both types of transmission to a two-hour window to minimize differences due to virus transit time to the cell. The mean time to detectable onset of viral gene expression in cell-to-cell spread was accelerated by 19% in the reporter cell line and by 35% in peripheral blood mononuclear cells relative to cell-free HIV infection. Neither factors secreted by infected cells, nor contact with infected cells in the absence of transmission, detectably changed onset. We recapitulated the earlier onset by infecting with multiple cell-free viruses per cell. Surprisingly, the acceleration in onset of viral gene expression was not explained by cooperativity between infecting virions. Instead, more rapid onset was consistent with a model where the fastest expressing virus out of the infecting virus pool sets the time for infection independently of the other co-infecting viruses.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.